The road ahead for cross-layer design

Of late, there has been an avalanche of cross-layer design proposals for wireless networks. A number of researchers have looked at specific aspects of the network performance and, by approaching cross-layer design as per their interpretation of what it implies, presented several cross-layer design proposals involving different layers of the protocol stack. There have also been works relating to the implementation of cross-layer interactions. It is high time that these various individual efforts be put into perspective and a more holistic view be taken. This paper is a step in that direction. In this paper, we take stock of the existing work in the area of cross-layer design. We do so by suggesting a definition for cross-layer design, by creating a taxonomy of the existing cross-layer design proposals, and by categorizing the initial proposals on how cross-layer interactions can be implemented. We then extract the key insights from the current literature regarding which layers need to be coupled and in what ways. Finally, we highlight some open challenges and new opportunities for cross-layer design that designers can start addressing as they move forward.

[1]  Fan Bai,et al.  Building the blocks of protocol design and analysis: challenges and lessons learned from case studies on mobile ad hoc routing and micro-mobility protocols , 2004, CCRV.

[2]  Lang Tong,et al.  Signal processing in random access , 2004, IEEE Signal Processing Magazine.

[3]  Ulf Bodin,et al.  Hints and Notifications , 2002 .

[4]  Georgios B. Giannakis,et al.  Cross-Layer combining of adaptive Modulation and coding with truncated ARQ over wireless links , 2004, IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications.

[5]  Panganamala Ramana Kumar,et al.  A cautionary perspective on cross-layer design , 2005, IEEE Wireless Communications.

[6]  Paramvir Bahl,et al.  A rate-adaptive MAC protocol for multi-Hop wireless networks , 2001, MobiCom '01.

[7]  Edward W. Knightly,et al.  Opportunistic media access for multirate ad hoc networks , 2002, MobiCom '02.

[8]  Chinya V. Ravishankar,et al.  Interactions between TCP and the IEEE 802.11 MAC protocol , 2003, Proceedings DARPA Information Survivability Conference and Exposition.

[9]  Srikanth V. Krishnamurthy,et al.  Power management for throughput enhancement in wireless ad-hoc networks , 2000, 2000 IEEE International Conference on Communications. ICC 2000. Global Convergence Through Communications. Conference Record.

[10]  Sridhar Iyer,et al.  Cross-layer design optimizations in wireless protocol stacks , 2004, Comput. Commun..

[11]  Leo Monteban,et al.  WaveLAN®-II: A high-performance wireless LAN for the unlicensed band , 1997, Bell Labs Technical Journal.

[12]  Mehul Motani,et al.  Combining communication and queueing with delay constraints in wireless ad-hoc networks , 2003, Fourth International Conference on Information, Communications and Signal Processing, 2003 and the Fourth Pacific Rim Conference on Multimedia. Proceedings of the 2003 Joint.

[13]  Yi Yang,et al.  Exploiting medium access diversity in rate adaptive wireless LANs , 2004, MobiCom '04.

[14]  Rajeev Shorey,et al.  Performance of TCP and UDP protocols in multi-hop multi-rate wireless networks , 2004, 2004 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (IEEE Cat. No.04TH8733).

[15]  Eitan Altman,et al.  TCP Optimization through FEC, ARQ, and Transmission Power Tradeoffs , 2004, WWIC.

[16]  Leandros Tassiulas,et al.  A framework for cross-layer design of energy-efficient communication with QoS provisioning in multi-hop wireless networks , 2004, IEEE INFOCOM 2004.

[17]  Xin Yu,et al.  Improving TCP performance over mobile ad hoc networks by exploiting cross-layer information awareness , 2004, MobiCom '04.

[18]  Dimitri P. Bertsekas,et al.  Data networks (2nd ed.) , 1992 .

[19]  Marco Conti,et al.  Cross-layering in mobile ad hoc network design , 2004, Computer.

[20]  Jie Wu,et al.  Energy Efficient Broadcast in Wireless Ad hoc Networks with Hitch-hiking , 2004, IEEE INFOCOM 2004.

[21]  G. H. Cooper.  AN ARGUMENT FOR SOFT LAYERING OF PROTOCOLS , 1983 .

[22]  S. Wicker.  Error Control Systems for Digital Communication and Storage , 1994 .

[23]  Marwan Krunz,et al.  A single-channel solution for transmission power control in wireless ad hoc networks , 2004, MobiHoc '04.

[24]  Satish K. Tripathi,et al.  Enhancing throughput over wireless LANs using channel state dependent packet scheduling , 1996, Proceedings of IEEE INFOCOM '96. Conference on Computer Communications.

[25]  Raghupathy Sivakumar,et al.  A unified MAC layer framework for ad-hoc networks with smart antennas , 2007, TNET.

[26]  Alexander L. Wolf,et al.  Acm Sigsoft Software Engineering Notes Vol 17 No 4 Foundations for the Study of Software Architecture , 2022 .

[27]  P. R. Kumar,et al.  Principles and protocols for power control in wireless ad hoc networks , 2005 .

[28]  Tamer A. ElBatt,et al.  Joint scheduling and power control for wireless ad hoc networks , 2002, IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications.

[29]  Lang Tong,et al.  Multipacket reception in random access wireless networks: from signal processing to optimal medium access control , 2001, IEEE Commun. Mag..

[30]  Sunghyun Choi,et al.  Goodput enhancement of IEEE 802.11a wireless LAN via link adaptation , 2001, ICC 2001. IEEE International Conference on Communications. Conference Record (Cat. No.01CH37240).

[31]  Minoru Okada,et al.  Throughput performance of SAW-ARQ protocol with adaptive packet length in mobile packet data transmission , 1996 .

[32]  Mark Handley,et al.  From protocol stack to protocol heap: role-based architecture , 2003, CCRV.

[33]  Andrea J. Goldsmith,et al.  Design challenges for energy-constrained ad hoc wireless networks , 2002, IEEE Wirel. Commun..

[34]  Theodore S. Rappaport,et al.  Cross-layer design for wireless networks , 2003, IEEE Commun. Mag..

[35]  N.D. Sidiropoulos,et al.  Medium access control - physical cross-layer design , 2004, IEEE Signal Processing Magazine.

[36]  Mung Chiang,et al.  To layer or not to layer: balancing transport and physical layers in wireless multihop networks , 2004, IEEE INFOCOM 2004.

[37]  Madhav V. Marathe,et al.  Analyzing interaction between network protocols, topology and traffic in wireless radio networks , 2003, 2003 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking, 2003. WCNC 2003..

[38]  David D. Clark,et al.  Architectural considerations for a new generation of protocols , 1990, SIGCOMM '90.

[39]  Mani B. Srivastava,et al.  Adaptive radio for multimedia wireless links , 1999, IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun..

[40]  Madhav V. Marathe,et al.  Characterizing the interaction between routing and MAC protocols in ad-hoc networks , 2002, MobiHoc '02.

[41]  Liba Svobodova,et al.  Implementing OSI systems , 1989, IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun..

[42]  Matthew C. Valenti,et al.  Practical relay networks: a generalization of hybrid-ARQ , 2005 .

[43]  Mehul Motani,et al.  Buffer and channel adaptive modulation for transmission over fading channels , 2003, IEEE International Conference on Communications, 2003. ICC '03..

[44]  Mosa Ali Abu-Rgheff,et al.  Cross-layer signalling for next-generation wireless systems , 2003, 2003 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking, 2003. WCNC 2003..

[45]  Haiyun Luo,et al.  The impact of multihop wireless channel on TCP throughput and loss , 2003, IEEE INFOCOM 2003. Twenty-second Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communications Societies (IEEE Cat. No.03CH37428).

[46]  George C. Polyzos,et al.  Quality of service support over multi-service wireless Internet links , 2001, Comput. Networks.

[47]  Matthew C. Valenti,et al.  Distributed turbo coded diversity for relay channel , 2003 .

[48]  Gustavo Carneiro,et al.  Cross-layer design in 4G wireless terminals , 2004, IEEE Wireless Communications.