Chapter 5 Light-Emitting-Diode Device Design

Publisher Summary The chapter discusses the light-emitting-diode (LED) structures suitable for communications use at both 0.9- and 1.3-μm wavelengths. For LEDs to be used as light sources in optical-fiber systems, the ultimate performance requirements are (1) high output power, (2) large modulation bandwidth, and (3) efficient coupling to optical fiber requirements that are quite different from those of the more familiar indicator-lamp LEDs. The chapter also elaborates on the formulation of design principles to achieve the first two of these requirements and describes the characteristics and performance of practical devices, as well as practical coupling to fibers. The chapter discusses more recent extension of LED technologies to the production of multiple wavelengths from single devices. Both practical high-radiance surface-emitting and edge-emitting LEDs have demonstrated high-power and large-bandwidth capabilities for use as optical sources in lightwave communications systems. A variety of lensing techniques have been developed to increase coupling efficiency to fibers, especially for surface emitters.

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