Numerical models for evaluating progressive failure in earth structures—A review

Abstract Various numerical models are reviewed in order to select a technique which provides objective analysis of progressive failure in earth structures. Theoretical concerns affecting the validity of the strain-softening soil analysis are discussed. The smeared shear band model is found to have the greatest potential for studying problems of progressive failure, since it incorporates both material and structural components of the strain-softening phenomenon without requiring prohibitively small elements.

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