Smartphone-Based Dual-Modality Imaging System for Quantitative Detection of Color or Fluorescent Lateral Flow Immunochromatographic Strips

Nowadays, lateral flow immunochromatographic assays are increasingly popular as a diagnostic tool for point-of-care (POC) test based on their simplicity, specificity, and sensitivity. Hence, quantitative detection and pluralistic popular application are urgently needed in medical examination. In this study, a smartphone-based dual-modality imaging system was developed for quantitative detection of color or fluorescent lateral flow test strips, which can be operated anywhere at any time. In this system, the white and ultra-violet (UV) light of optical device was designed, which was tunable with different strips, and the Sobel operator algorithm was used in the software, which could enhance the identification ability to recognize the test area from the background boundary information. Moreover, this technology based on extraction of the components from RGB format (red, green, and blue) of color strips or only red format of the fluorescent strips can obviously improve the high-signal intensity and sensitivity. Fifty samples were used to evaluate the accuracy of this system, and the ideal detection limit was calculated separately from detection of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). The results indicated that smartphone-controlled dual-modality imaging system could provide various POC diagnoses, which becomes a potential technology for developing the next-generation of portable system in the near future.

[1]  Osman Semih Kayhan,et al.  A Novel Automatic Rapid Diagnostic Test Reader Platform , 2016, Comput. Math. Methods Medicine.

[2]  Aldo Roda,et al.  A simple and compact smartphone accessory for quantitative chemiluminescence-based lateral flow immunoassay for salivary cortisol detection. , 2015, Biosensors & bioelectronics.

[3]  D. Erickson,et al.  Smartphone based health accessory for colorimetric detection of biomarkers in sweat and saliva. , 2013, Lab on a chip.

[4]  Yu Zheng,et al.  Simultaneous Quantitative Detection of Helicobacter Pylori Based on a Rapid and Sensitive Testing Platform using Quantum Dots-Labeled Immunochromatiographic Test Strips , 2016, Nanoscale Research Letters.

[5]  Daxiang Cui,et al.  CdSe/ZnS Quantum Dot-Labeled Lateral Flow Strips for Rapid and Quantitative Detection of Gastric Cancer Carbohydrate Antigen 72-4 , 2016, Nanoscale Research Letters.

[6]  David J. You,et al.  Cell-phone-based measurement of TSH using Mie scatter optimized lateral flow assays. , 2013, Biosensors & bioelectronics.

[7]  Hengyi Xu,et al.  Membrane-based lateral flow immunochromatographic strip with nanoparticles as reporters for detection: A review. , 2016, Biosensors & bioelectronics.

[8]  Susana Cardoso,et al.  GMR sensors and magnetic nanoparticles for immuno-chromatographic assays , 2012 .

[9]  Liguang Xu,et al.  Fluorescent strip sensor for rapid determination of toxins. , 2011, Chemical communications.

[10]  Andrew Wang,et al.  Quantum-dot submicrobead-based immunochromatographic assay for quantitative and sensitive detection of zearalenone. , 2015, Talanta.

[11]  Aydogan Ozcan,et al.  Integrated rapid-diagnostic-test reader platform on a cellphone. , 2012, Lab on a chip.

[12]  A. Berlina,et al.  'Traffic light' immunochromatographic test based on multicolor quantum dots for the simultaneous detection of several antibiotics in milk. , 2015, Biosensors & bioelectronics.

[13]  Kun Xiao,et al.  Carcinoembryonic antigen detection with "Handing"-controlled fluorescence spectroscopy using a color matrix for point-of-care applications. , 2017, Biosensors & bioelectronics.

[14]  Tao Zhang,et al.  Capillary-driven surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)-based microfluidic chip for abrin detection , 2014, Nanoscale Research Letters.

[15]  Daxiang Cui,et al.  Rapid detection and quantification of tumor marker carbohydrate antigen 72-4 (CA72-4) using a superparamagnetic immunochromatographic strip , 2016, Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry.

[16]  Jian Wen,et al.  Magnetic nano-Fe3O4 particles targeted gathering and bio-effects on nude mice loading human hepatoma Bel-7402 cell lines model under external magnetic field exposure in vivo , 2015, Electromagnetic biology and medicine.

[17]  Feng Gao,et al.  A silicon dioxide modified magnetic nanoparticles-labeled lateral flow strips for HBs antigen. , 2011, Journal of biomedical nanotechnology.

[18]  Yafei Hou,et al.  The Application of Lateral Flow Immunoassay in Point of Care Testing: A Review , 2016 .

[19]  Xuefei Shi,et al.  Pollutional haze as a potential cause of lung cancer. , 2015, Journal of thoracic disease.

[20]  Subash C B Gopinath,et al.  Bacterial detection: from microscope to smartphone. , 2014, Biosensors & bioelectronics.

[21]  Du-Young Choi,et al.  Rapid and Quantitative Detection of Zoonotic Influenza A Virus Infection Utilizing Coumarin-derived dendrimer-based Fluorescent Immunochromatographic Strip Test (FICT) , 2014, Theranostics.

[22]  Liqiang Liu,et al.  Development of an ELISA and Immunochromatographic Assay for Tetracycline, Oxytetracycline, and Chlortetracycline Residues in Milk and Honey Based on the Class-Specific Monoclonal Antibody , 2016, Food Analytical Methods.

[23]  Jiumin Yang,et al.  Quantum dot-based immunochromatography test strip for rapid, quantitative and sensitive detection of alpha fetoprotein. , 2011, Biosensors & bioelectronics.

[24]  Chao Li,et al.  A CCD-based reader combined with CdS quantum dot-labeled lateral flow strips for ultrasensitive quantitative detection of CagA , 2014, Nanoscale Research Letters.

[25]  Ali K. Yetisen,et al.  A smartphone algorithm with inter-phone repeatability for the analysis of colorimetric tests , 2014 .

[26]  Mehmet Turan,et al.  Immunochromatographic Diagnostic Test Analysis Using Google Glass , 2014, ACS nano.

[27]  Zhenpeng Qin,et al.  Significantly improved analytical sensitivity of lateral flow immunoassays by using thermal contrast. , 2012, Angewandte Chemie.

[28]  A. Rai,et al.  Smartphone dongle for simultaneous measurement of hemoglobin concentration and detection of HIV antibodies. , 2015, Lab on a chip.

[29]  Liqiang Liu,et al.  Development of an Immunochromatographic Strip Test for Rapid Detection of Ciprofloxacin in Milk Samples , 2014, Sensors.

[30]  Jyoti Singh,et al.  Evaluation of gold nanoparticle based lateral flow assays for diagnosis of enterobacteriaceae members in food and water. , 2015, Food chemistry.

[31]  Andrew Wang,et al.  Immunochromatographic Assay for Ultrasensitive Detection of Aflatoxin B1 in Maize by Highly Luminescent Quantum Dot Beads , 2014, ACS applied materials & interfaces.

[32]  Rong-Liang Liang,et al.  Rapid and sensitive lateral flow immunoassay method for determining alpha fetoprotein in serum using europium (III) chelate microparticles-based lateral flow test strips. , 2015, Analytica chimica acta.

[33]  Aijun Zeng,et al.  A Simple Optical Reader for Upconverting Phosphor Particles Captured on Lateral Flow Strip , 2009, IEEE Sensors Journal.

[34]  David Erickson,et al.  Cholesterol testing on a smartphone. , 2014, Lab on a chip.

[35]  Mei Jianchun,et al.  Development and study of lateral flow test strip reader based on embedded system , 2011, IEEE 2011 10th International Conference on Electronic Measurement & Instruments.

[36]  D. Cui,et al.  Non-spherical Gold Nanoparticles: Tumor Imaging and Therapy , 2013 .