Aerodynamics for Revolutionary Air Vehicles

Aeronautics research has seriously declined partly because of the perception that it is a mature science and only incremental improvements are possible. Recent aeronautics roadmapping activities at NASA Langley paint a different picture of the future. Breakthroughs are still felt to be possible if we expand the current design space of today's vehicles and optimize the airspace and vehicles as a system. The paper describes some of the challenges that the aircraft and airline industry face. These challenges include political, technical and environmental issues. Examples of the opportunities and technologies that could provide a different vision for the future are discussed.

[1]  Jerome Pasamanick Langley full-scale-tunnel tests of the Custer Channel Wing airplane , 1953 .

[2]  R. Kurzweil The Law of Accelerating Returns , 2004 .

[3]  D Joslin Ronald,et al.  Overview of Laminar Flow Control , 1998 .

[4]  D. Venditti,et al.  Adjoint error estimation and grid adaptation for functional outputs: application to quasi-one-dimensional flow , 2000 .

[5]  A. E. Washburn,et al.  Snapshot of Active Flow Control Research at NASA Langley , 2002 .

[6]  Arthur Rizzi,et al.  Navier–Stokes solvers in European aircraft design , 2002 .

[7]  John C. Hart,et al.  The CAVE: audio visual experience automatic virtual environment , 1992, CACM.

[8]  J. Penner,et al.  Aviation and the Global Atmosphere , 1999 .

[9]  R. H. Liebeck,et al.  Design of the Blended Wing Body Subsonic Transport , 2002 .

[10]  John C. Lin,et al.  Review of research on low-profile vortex generators to control boundary-layer separation , 2002 .

[11]  Werner Pfenninger,et al.  Design aspects of long range supersonic LFC airplanes with highly swept wings , 1988 .

[12]  Philippe R. Spalart,et al.  Detached-Eddy Simulations Over a Simplified Landing Gear , 2002 .

[13]  Robert Rubinstein,et al.  STOCHASTIC MODELING OF LAMINAR-TURBULENT TRANSITION , 2002 .

[14]  L. A. Mccullers,et al.  Analysis for the application of hybrid laminar flow control to a long-range subsonic transport aircraft , 1991 .

[15]  William S. Saric,et al.  Leading-Edge Roughness as a Transition Control Mechanism , 1998 .

[16]  Richard M. Wood,et al.  Flying wings / flying fuselages , 2001 .

[17]  Milo D. Dahl,et al.  Third Computational Aeroacoustics (CAA) Workshop on Benchmark Problems , 2000 .

[18]  Daniel H. Rothman,et al.  Lattice-Gas Cellular Automata: Simple Models of Complex Hydrodynamics , 1997 .

[19]  Umr Cnrs,et al.  A Stochastic Approach To Compute Subsonic-Noise Using Linearized Euler's Equations* , 1999 .

[20]  I. Abey-Wickrama,et al.  Mental-hospital admissions and aircraft noise. , 1969, Lancet.

[21]  Sharath S. Girimaji,et al.  PANS Turbulence Model for Seamless Transition Between RANS and LES: Fixed-Point Analysis and Preliminary Results , 2003 .

[22]  David L. Darmofal,et al.  An Exact Dual Adjoint Solution Method for Turbulent Flows on Unstructured Grids , 2003 .

[23]  R. Lewis,et al.  An Overview of First-Order Model Management for Engineering Optimization , 2001 .

[24]  Jack Dongarra High Performance Computing, Computational Grid, and Numerical Libraries , 2002, PARA.

[25]  David C. Banks,et al.  Tracking a turbulent spot in an immersive environment , 1995, I3D '95.

[26]  Sukumar Chakravarthy,et al.  Reconstructed Sub-Grid Methods for Acoustics Predictions at all Reynolds Numbers , 2002 .

[27]  P. R. Viswanath,et al.  Aircraft viscous drag reduction using riblets , 2002 .

[28]  Ronald D. Joslin,et al.  Flow and Noise Control: Review and Assessment of Future Directions , 2002 .

[29]  Jean Thilmany Probabilistic Problem Solving , 2002 .

[30]  Hans P. Moravec Robot: Mere Machine to Transcendent Mind , 1998 .

[31]  Joachim Szrodruch,et al.  Building the future aircraft design for the next century , 1998 .

[32]  S Sakurai,et al.  Study of the Application of Separation Control by Unsteady Excitation to Civil Transport Aircraft , 1999 .

[33]  Ilan Kroo,et al.  Advanced configurations for very large transport airplanes , 1998 .

[34]  J.-P. Marec,et al.  Drag Reduction: a Major Task for Research , 2001 .

[35]  H. Fasel,et al.  Application of a new methodology for simulations of complex turbulent flows , 2000 .

[36]  Michael Andrew Park,et al.  Adjoint-Based, Three-Dimensional Error Prediction and Grid Adaptation , 2004 .

[37]  Li-Shi Luo,et al.  The Future of Lattice-Gas and Lattice Boltzmann Methods , 2000 .

[38]  P. Spalart Comments on the feasibility of LES for wings, and on a hybrid RANS/LES approach , 1997 .

[39]  Nail K. Yamaleev,et al.  The Current Status of Unsteady CFD Approaches for Aerodynamic Flow Control , 2002 .

[40]  Krishan K. Ahuja,et al.  Noise Reduction Through Circulation Control , 2001 .

[41]  Hans Peter Monner,et al.  Overview of Adaptronics in Aeronautical Applications , 2001 .

[42]  D. MacMartin,et al.  Flow Control Opportunities in Gas Turbine Engines , 2000 .

[43]  M Bushnell Dennis,et al.  Fluid Mechanics, Drag Reduction and Advanced Configuration Aeronautics , 2000 .

[44]  Bernard Grossman,et al.  Conceptual Design Studies of a Strut-Braced Wing Transonic Transport , 2000 .

[45]  J. N. Hefner,et al.  Viscous drag reduction in boundary layers , 1990 .

[46]  John S. Preisser,et al.  NASA subsonic jet transport noise reduction research , 2000 .

[47]  Sukumar Chakravarthy,et al.  Sub-grid turbulence modeling for unsteady flow with acoustic resonance , 2000 .

[48]  Israel J Wygnanski,et al.  The control of flow separation by periodic excitation , 2000 .

[49]  Jeffrey D. Flamm,et al.  Aerodynamic Design Opportunities for Future Supersonic Aircraft , 2002 .

[50]  John Lin Control of turbulent boundary-layer separation using micro-vortex generators , 1999 .

[51]  Peter Thiede Aerodynamic drag reduction technologies : proceedings of the CEAS/DragNet European Drag Reduction Conference, 19-21 June 2000, Potsdam, Germany , 2001 .

[52]  Mohamed Gad-el-Hak,et al.  Introduction to Flow Control , 1998 .

[53]  Kumar Ajay,et al.  Future Challenges and Opportunities in Aerodynamics , 2000 .

[54]  E Stanewsky,et al.  Adaptive wing and flow control technology , 2001 .

[55]  J. E. Green,et al.  Greener by Design — the technology challenge , 2002, The Aeronautical Journal (1968).

[56]  Gregory S. Jones,et al.  An Active Flow Circulation Controlled Flap Concept for General Aviation Aircraft Applications , 2002 .

[57]  Northrop Grumman,et al.  DEVELOPMENT OF A QUIET SUPERSONIC AIRCRAFT WITH TECHNOLOGY APPLICATIONS TO MILITARY AND CIVIL AIRCRAFT , 2002 .

[58]  P. C. Dexter A strategic European approach to aerodynamics research, technology and development , 2001 .

[59]  Patrick Minnis,et al.  Spreading of isolated contrails during the 2001 air traffic shutdown , 2002 .

[60]  Rodney L. Dreisbach,et al.  Trends in the design analysis of aerospace vehicles , 2001 .

[61]  Robert J. Englar,et al.  Circulation Control Pneumatic Aerodynamics: Blown Force and Moment Augmentation and Modification; Pa , 2000 .

[62]  E. Stanewsky Drag reduction by shock and boundary layer control : results of the project EUROSHOCK II, supported by the European Union, 1996-1999 , 2002 .

[63]  David P. Lockard,et al.  Evaluation of PowerFLOW for Aerodynamic Applications , 2002 .

[64]  Ilan Kroo,et al.  DRAG DUE TO LIFT: Concepts for Prediction and Reduction , 2001 .

[65]  Wolfgang Schneider The Importance of Aerodynamics in the Development of Commercially Successful Transport Aircraft , 2001 .

[66]  Russell M. Cummings,et al.  Airplane design: Past, present, and future , 2002 .

[67]  Dieter Schmitt Challenges for unconventional transport aircraft configurations , 2001 .

[68]  William L. Sellers,et al.  Riblet drag at flight conditions , 1989 .

[69]  Mortaza Mani,et al.  Hybrid Turbulence Models for Unsteady Simulation of Jet Flows , 2002 .

[70]  Gregory S. Jones,et al.  Flow Control Research at NASA Langley in Support of High-Lift Augmentation , 2002 .

[71]  D Joslin Ronald,et al.  Aircraft Laminar Flow Control , 1998 .

[72]  Sauro Succi,et al.  Analysis of subgrid scale turbulence using the Boltzmann Bhatnagar-Gross-Krook kinetic equation , 1999 .

[73]  Russell H. Thomas,et al.  Development of a Jet Noise Prediction Method for Installed Jet Configurations , 2003 .

[74]  Richard Shock,et al.  Recent results on two-dimensional airfoils using a lattice Boltzmann-based algorithm , 2002 .