The influence of firefighter boot type on balance

Abstract A firefighter's boots play a critical role in working effectiveness and personal safety. OSHA 1910.156 contains standards for personal protective equipment of fire brigades. Firefighters use either rubber or leather boots that meet these requirements. The purpose of the study was to examine the differences in balance in professional firefighters wearing rubber and leather boots when participating in a fire simulation activity. Twelve professional firefighters performed 2 sets of a three-minute simulated firefighter stair climb wearing a 50 lb weighted vest to simulate their typical personal protective equipment and two 5.68 kg weights on the shoulders to simulate the weight of a high-rise pack (hose bundle). On each condition day (leather, rubber) the firefighter conducted a balance assessment. Following the initial balance protocol, the firefighter conducted a Simulated Firefighter Stair Climb for 3 min at a rate of 60 steps per/min. At the completion of the stair climb, the firefighter repeated the balance procedure. Following a 3-minute rest period, the complete procedure (balance, stair climb) was repeated. A total of 3 balance procedures and 2 stair climbs were completed. Significant differences were found in sway velocity between the pre and post test measures and among the two different boots. These results suggest that the rubber boots elicit greater postural instability. These findings provide practical information on work practices and PPE usage decisions. Relevance to industry Industry standards dictate the protective variables of boots used by fire brigades, but do not consider the influence on gait and balance. This study provides evidence that the rubber boots used by firefighters may impair specific balance parameters which are critical for firefighter safety.