Pluvial (rain-related) flooding in urban areas: the invisible hazard

This report assesses how many people in urban areas are at risk from pluvial flooding (surface water flooding resulting from intense rainfall). It projects the increase in risk due to climate change and population growth, examines the exposure of vulnerable social groups, and reviews the main policy developments to manage surface water. Flooding and flood risk management have moved up the policy agenda in the last decade, with key legislation introduced since 2009. Meanwhile, changes in insurance provision may lead to higher premiums and flood cover may become less available in flood risk areas. This report provides the first estimates of current and future populations at risk and their social characteristics. It reviews the main policy developments to manage surface water and identifies obstacles to effectiveness.

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