ASSESSMENT AND SIMULATION OF WATER AND NITROGEN TRANSFER UNDER FURROW IRRIGATION: APPLICATION OF HYDRUS2D MODEL TO SIMULATE NITROGEN TRANSFER

This communication deals with nitrate leaching produced by different furrow irrigation/fertilization prac-tices on Chromic Luvisol, Sofia region, Bulgaria. The objective is to simulate appropriately nitrogen transfer relative to two technologies, referred to as Every-Furrow irrigation (EFI) and Alternate-Furrow Irrigation (AFI). Bi-dimensional water and solutes transport modeling approach (HYDRUS2D model, Simunek et al.1999) is adopted. The HYDRUS2D model is validated in six steps by using detailed data observed in two cropped lysimeters in 1997. The data consist of water/nitrogen (N) content profiles below the ridges and the furrow beds and of boundary conditions variables, as: precipitation, water/N uptake by plant roots and drainage/N leaching. Hydrological components of the model were already validated in the steps from (i) to (iv) by Popova, Crevoisier , Mailhol and Ruelle ( 2005). They are used to carry on the validation procedure towards nitrogen components (steps v and vi) in this study. The validated model could be applied to predict the impact of water distribution uniformity on nitrogen leaching along the fur-row length under EF/AF irrigation practices.

[1]  C. Cho,et al.  CONVECTIVE TRANSPORT OF AMMONIUM WITH NITRIFICATION IN SOIL , 1971 .

[2]  A. J. Clemmens,et al.  Irrigation Techniques and Evaluations , 1994 .

[3]  P. Boeckx,et al.  Soil nitrogen conservation mechanisms in a pristine south Chilean Nothofagus forest ecosystem , 2007 .

[4]  P. E. Fischbach,et al.  Every-Other Furrow Irrigation of Corn , 1974 .

[5]  J. Artiola.  Nonuniform leaching of nitrate and other solutes in a furrow‐irrigated, sludge amended field , 1991 .

[6]  J. Mailhol,et al.  Impact of water application conditions on nitrogen leaching under furrow irrigation: Experimental and modelling approaches , 2007 .

[7]  Manoj Khanna,et al.  Modelling of nitrogen leaching from experimental onion field under drip fertigation , 2007 .

[8]  J. Nash,et al.  River flow forecasting through conceptual models part I — A discussion of principles☆ , 1970 .

[9]  B. Yaron,et al.  Management of Water Use in Agriculture , 1994, Advanced Series in Agricultural Sciences.

[10]  L. K. Porter,et al.  Nitrogen movement with furrow irrigation method and fertilizer band placement , 1998 .

[11]  Albert J. Clemmens,et al.  Irrigation Performance Measures: Efficiency and Uniformity , 1997 .

[12]  E. Epstein,et al.  Nitrogen Mineralization-Water Relations in Soils , 1974 .

[13]  S. P. Neuman,et al.  Field test of a modified numerical model for water uptake by root systems , 1974 .

[14]  D. R. Nielsen,et al.  Nitrification and Denitrification during Miscible Displacement in Unsaturated Soil 1 , 1974 .

[15]  M. V. Genuchten,et al.  Two-dimensional modelling of preferential water flow and pesticide transport from a tile-drained field , 2006 .

[16]  Jan Feyen,et al.  Two-dimensional simulation of water flow and solute transport below furrows: model calibration and validation , 2004 .

[17]  D. Westermann,et al.  Nitrogen placement, row spacing, and furrow irrigation water positioning effects on corn yield , 2000 .

[18]  Jean-Claude Mailhol,et al.  Furrow Irrigation Model for Real‐Time Applications on Cracking Soils , 1993 .

[19]  J. R. Kiniry,et al.  CERES-Maize: a simulation model of maize growth and development , 1986 .

[20]  V. Hallaire,et al.  Effects of agricultural practices on hydraulic properties and water movement in soils in Brittany (France) , 2007 .

[21]  D. R. Nielsen,et al.  Nitrogen Transformations in Soil During Leaching: III. Nitrae Reduction in Soil Columns1 , 1974 .

[22]  F. Wendland.  MODELLING THE NITRATE FLOW IN THE GROUND-WATER PROVINCES OF THE OLD FEDERAL STATES OF THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY , 1994 .

[23]  M. Vanclooster,et al.  Simulating water and nitrogen behaviour in soils cropped with winter wheat , 2005, Fertilizer Research.

[24]  Van Genuchten,et al.  A closed-form equation for predicting the hydraulic conductivity of unsaturated soils , 1980 .

[25]  J. C. Mailhol,et al.  Impact of fertilisation practices on nitrogen leaching under irrigation , 2001, Irrigation Science.

[26]  B. Griffiths,et al.  Modeling Diffusion and Reaction in Soils: V. Nitrogen Transformations in Organic Manure-amended Soil , 1997 .