Lane-by-Lane Traffic Monitoring Using 24.1 GHz FMCW Radar System

In this article, we propose a method to monitor traffic on the road using a 24.1 GHz radar system. In our work, we design our own traffic monitoring radar system from radar hardware, such as antenna systems and the transceiver, to radar software, such as detection and tracking algorithms. The radar we developed uses frequency-modulated continuous waveforms with a center frequency of 24.1 GHz, and its range resolution is tens of centimeters, which is enough to distinguish vehicles in multiple lanes. In addition, we can effectively distinguish vehicles by estimating their angles using an array antenna system. To evaluate the performance of our radar, we install it on the pedestrian overpass facing the road. From actual measurement results, our radar system can reliably estimate the distance to the vehicle, the speed of the vehicle, and the angle of the vehicle for a total of four lanes up to 300 m in real time. The traffic monitoring system using a radar sensor can compensate for the disadvantages of the camera-based road monitoring method.

[1]  Ramona Behrendt.  A priori information to improve tracking for traffic monitoring , 2015, 2015 16th International Radar Symposium (IRS).

[2]  F. Gross.  Smart Antennas for Wireless Communications: With MATLAB , 2005 .

[3]  Pablo Almorox-Gonzalez,et al.  Vehicular Traffic Surveillance and Road Lane Detection Using Radar Interferometry , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology.

[4]  Jong-Hun Lee,et al.  A meothod for multi-target range and velocity detection in automotive FMCW radar , 2009, 2009 12th International IEEE Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems.

[5]  David de la Mata-Moya,et al.  Passive radars as low environmental impact solutions for smart cities traffic monitoring , 2015, IEEE EUROCON 2015 - International Conference on Computer as a Tool (EUROCON).

[6]  Yaakov Bar-Shalom,et al.  Sonar tracking of multiple targets using joint probabilistic data association , 1983 .

[7]  Seong-Cheol Kim,et al.  Statistical Characteristic-Based Road Structure Recognition in Automotive FMCW Radar Systems , 2019, IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems.

[8]  최정환.  Interference Mitigation Scheme for Automotive FMCW Radar , 2016 .

[9]  V. Winkler,et al.  Range Doppler detection for automotive FMCW radars , 2007, 2007 European Radar Conference.

[10]  T. Taylor.  Design of line-source antennas for narrow beamwidth and low side lobes , 1955 .

[11]  Andri Riid,et al.  An Application of a Low-Cost Microwave Radar to Traffic Monitoring , 2018, 2018 16th Biennial Baltic Electronics Conference (BEC).

[12]  Lin Cao,et al.  Lane Determination of Vehicles Based on a Novel Clustering Algorithm for Intelligent Traffic Monitoring , 2020, IEEE Access.

[13]  K. Kulpa,et al.  Ground moving vehicles velocity monitoring using a GSM based passive bistatic radar , 2011, Proceedings of 2011 IEEE CIE International Conference on Radar.

[14]  H. Rohling,et al.  OS CFAR performance in a 77 GHz radar sensor for car application , 1996, Proceedings of International Radar Conference.

[15]  Osama Masoud,et al.  Tracking all traffic: computer vision algorithms for monitoring vehicles, individuals, and crowds , 2005, IEEE Robotics & Automation Magazine.

[16]  Ramona Behrendt.  Traffic monitoring radar for road map calculation , 2016, 2016 17th International Radar Symposium (IRS).

[17]  Paul Leroux,et al.  Analysis of an Indoor Biomedical Radar-Based System for Health Monitoring , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques.

[18]  S.S. Blackman,et al.  Multiple hypothesis tracking for multiple target tracking , 2004, IEEE Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine.

[19]  H. Rohling,et al.  Waveform design principles for automotive radar systems , 2001, 2001 CIE International Conference on Radar Proceedings (Cat No.01TH8559).

[20]  Murat Torlak,et al.  Automotive Radars: A review of signal processing techniques , 2017, IEEE Signal Processing Magazine.

[21]  Seong-Cheol Kim,et al.  Detection and Localization of People Inside Vehicle Using Impulse Radio Ultra-Wideband Radar Sensor , 2020, IEEE Sensors Journal.

[22]  Bassem Mahafza,et al.  Radar Systems Analysis and Design Using MATLAB , 2000 .

[23]  Y. Bar-Shalom,et al.  The probabilistic data association filter , 2009, IEEE Control Systems.

[24]  K. Kulpa,et al.  A concept of GSM-based passive radar for vehicle traffic monitoring , 2011, 2011 MICROWAVES, RADAR AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM.

[25]  M. Viberg,et al.  Two decades of array signal processing research: the parametric approach , 1996, IEEE Signal Process. Mag..