CVD synthesis and hydrogen storage properties of multi-walled carbon nanotubes

Multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) had been synthesized by catalytic chemical vapor deposition of acetylene over Fe loaded mesoporous silica. The as-grown MWNTs were purified by a two-step purification procedure involving acid washing and oxidation in diluted air, and characterized using powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA), and BET surface area measurements. Hydrogen adsorption measurements were carried out on as-prepared and purified MWNTs under moderate pressure (10 MPa) at 30degC using the manually-controlled apparatus for high-pressure adsorption with sufficient accuracy, and the results had been discussed. Pressure drop of hydrogen was measured and the amount it adsorbed was calculated by using ideal gas law and it was presented in weight percent, wt%. The hydrogen storage capacity of MWNTs was found to increase remarkably after subjecting to purification treatment. The maximum hydrogen storage capacity of 1.9 wt% was obtained for purified MWNTs. The as-grown MWNTs had closed ends. The hydrogen molecules could be physically adsorbed on the external nanotube walls. However, sample which was subjected to purification treatment, which could open their ends effectively, increased hydrogen sorption capacity, as hydrogen could have entered nanotubes through their ends. Purification treatment resulted in an increase in the number of sites with high interaction potentials for hydrogen adsorption, and these sites could be considered to be the inside of tubes or the interstitial space between the tubes.

[1]  Sudipta Seal,et al.  Optoelectronically automated system for carbon nanotubes synthesis via arc-discharge in solution , 2005 .

[2]  Cheng,et al.  Hydrogen storage in single-walled carbon nanotubes at room temperature , 1999, Science.

[3]  Jing Sun,et al.  A multi-step strategy for cutting and purification of single-walled carbon nanotubes , 2007 .

[4]  D. Bethune,et al.  Storage of hydrogen in single-walled carbon nanotubes , 1997, Nature.

[5]  D. Lévesque,et al.  Monte Carlo simulations of hydrogen storage in carbon nanotubes , 2002 .

[6]  A. Mohamed,et al.  Study of hydrogen storage by carbonaceous material at room temperature , 2007 .

[7]  A. Guerrero-Ruíz,et al.  Growing mechanism of CNTs: a kinetic approach , 2004 .

[8]  P. Staszczuk.  World of nanostructures - nanotechnology, surface properties of chosen nanomaterials , 2005 .

[9]  R. B. Rakhi,et al.  Synthesis and hydrogen storage properties of carbon nanotubes , 2008 .

[10]  Gary G. Tibbetts,et al.  Hydrogen storage capacity of carbon nanotubes, filaments, and vapor-grown fibers , 2001 .

[11]  T. L. Dhami,et al.  Co-synthesis, purification and characterization of single- and multi-walled carbon nanotubes using the electric arc method , 2007 .

[12]  M. Shaijumon,et al.  Synthesis of carbon nanotubes by pyrolysis of acetylene using alloy hydride materials as catalysts and their hydrogen adsorption studies , 2003 .

[13]  M. Shaijumon,et al.  Synthesis of multi-walled carbon nanotubes in high yield using Mm based AB2 alloy hydride catalysts and the effect of purification on their hydrogen adsorption properties , 2005 .

[14]  Chen,et al.  High H2 uptake by alkali-doped carbon nanotubes under ambient pressure and moderate temperatures , 1999, Science.

[15]  Jie Liu,et al.  CVD synthesis and purification of single-walled carbon nanotubes on aerogel-supported catalyst , 2002 .

[16]  Alberto Tagliaferro,et al.  Purification of carbon nanotubes grown by thermal CVD , 2007 .

[17]  S. Iijima.  Helical microtubules of graphitic carbon , 1991, Nature.

[18]  Thomas Wallmersperger,et al.  Multiwalled carbon-nanotubes-sheet actuators: theoretical and experimental investigations , 2005, SPIE Smart Structures and Materials + Nondestructive Evaluation and Health Monitoring.