Fatigue of Foam and Honeycomb Core Composite Sandwich Structures: A Tutorial

This article is intended to be a tutorial on the subject of fatigue of foam and honeycomb core composite sandwich structures. First, several different analytical models for predicting the fatigue life of sandwich composites are presented. Then representative publications which have reported on the major failure modes in sandwich beams under dynamic fatigue loading are summarized, along with several related publications dealing with static and impact loading. Papers dealing with the effects of loading frequency, environmental factors, and block loading on the fatigue life of sandwich composites are discussed. Finally, recent research on different types of non-destruction evaluation (NDE) techniques employed for failure investigations during fatigue testing of sandwich structures is reviewed. Conclusions and generalizations that can be drawn from the literature are presented along with discussions of areas in which further research is needed.

[1]  S. Esterby.  American Society for Testing and Materials , 2006 .

[2]  Linzhi Wu,et al.  Longitudinal shear strength and failure process of honeycomb cores , 2006 .

[3]  Jayantha Ananda Epaarachchi,et al.  A new cumulative fatigue damage model for glass fibre reinforced plastic composites under step/discrete loading , 2005 .

[4]  W. S. Johnson,et al.  Fracture and Fatigue Tests and Analysis of Composite Sandwich Structure , 2005 .

[5]  A. Kallmeyer,et al.  Effect of Temperature on the Low-velocity Impact Behavior of Composite Sandwich Panels , 2005 .

[6]  K. Kanny,et al.  Flexural fatigue characteristics of sandwich structures at different loading frequencies , 2005 .

[7]  H. Hamada,et al.  The effect of ambient moisture and temperature conditions on the mechanical properties of glass fiber/carbon fiber/nylon 6 sandwich hybrid composites consisting of skin‐core morphologies , 2005 .

[8]  S. Jeelani,et al.  Temperature Effects on the Fatigue Behavior of Foam Core Sandwich Structures , 2004 .

[9]  Y. Jack Weitsman,et al.  Sea-water effects on foam-cored composite sandwich lay-ups , 2004 .

[10]  Dai Gil Lee,et al.  Failure Modes of Foam Core Sandwich Beams under Static and Impact Loads , 2004 .

[11]  H. Murthy,et al.  Interfacial Studies in Fatigue Behavior of Polyurethane Sandwich Structures , 2004 .

[12]  A. Bezazi,et al.  Modelling the flexural behaviour of sandwich composite materials under cyclic fatigue , 2004 .

[13]  H. Hahn,et al.  Fatigue Analysis of Sandwich Beams Using a Wear-Out Model , 2004 .

[14]  Norman A. Fleck,et al.  Collapse mechanisms of sandwich beams with composite faces and a foam core, loaded in three-point bending. Part II: experimental investigation and numerical modelling , 2004 .

[15]  S. Jeelani,et al.  Dynamic Compression of Sandwich Composites at Sub-ambient Temperatures , 2004 .

[16]  Norman A. Fleck,et al.  Collapse mechanisms of sandwich beams with composite faces and a foam core, loaded in three-point bending. Part I: analytical models and minimum weight design , 2004 .

[17]  L. Carlsson,et al.  Fatigue Failure Mechanism and Crack Growth in Foam Core Sandwich Composites Under Flexural Loading , 2004 .

[18]  C. Gür.  Investigation of microstructure-ultrasonic velocity relationship in SiCp-reinforced aluminium metal matrix composites , 2003 .

[19]  S. Jeelani,et al.  Studies on the repair of ballistic impact damaged S2-glass/vinyl ester laminates , 2003 .

[20]  Paul Ziehl,et al.  Fiber reinforced vessel design with a damage criterion approach , 2003 .

[21]  S. Abrate.  Composite structures: impact on composites 2002 , 2003 .

[22]  Emmanuel E. Gdoutos,et al.  Compression facing wrinkling of composite sandwich structures , 2003 .

[23]  W. Jason Weiss,et al.  Using acoustic emission to quantify damage in restrained fiber-reinforced cement mortars , 2003 .

[24]  E. Gdoutos,et al.  Indentation failure in composite sandwich structures , 2002 .

[25]  E. Gdoutos,et al.  Failure Modes of Composite Sandwich Beams , 2002 .

[26]  R. Scudamore,et al.  The effect of moisture and loading rate on the interfacial fracture properties of sandwich structures , 2002 .

[27]  E. K. Gamstedt,et al.  An experimental investigation of the sequence effect in block amplitude loading of cross-ply composite laminates , 2002 .

[28]  Woonbong Hwang,et al.  Effect of debonding on natural frequencies and frequency response functions of honeycomb sandwich beams , 2002 .

[29]  Carmine Pappalettere,et al.  Thermographic investigation of sandwich structure made of composite material , 2001 .

[30]  M. Åberg,et al.  Numerical modeling of acoustic emission in laminated tensile test specimens , 2001 .

[31]  David Devillers,et al.  Health monitoring of sandwich plates based on the analysis of the interaction of Lamb waves with damages , 2001, SPIE Smart Structures and Materials + Nondestructive Evaluation and Health Monitoring.

[32]  Gui-Rong Liu,et al.  Flaw detection in sandwich plates based on time-harmonic response using genetic algorithm , 2001 .

[33]  M. Ashby,et al.  The fatigue strength of sandwich beams with an aluminium alloy foam core , 2001 .

[34]  Wim Van Paepegem,et al.  Fatigue damage modeling of fibre-reinforced composite materials: Review , 2001 .

[35]  M. Takemoto,et al.  Quantitative acoustic emission analysis of plasma sprayed thermal barrier coatings subjected to thermal shock tests , 2001 .

[36]  V. Gibiat,et al.  Impedance matching and acoustic absorption in granular layers of silica aerogels , 2001 .

[37]  A. Mandelis.  Diffusion-wave laser radiometric diagnostic quality-control technologies for materials NDE/NDT , 2001 .

[38]  Yuris A. Dzenis,et al.  Analysis of microdamage evolution histories in composites , 2001 .

[39]  R. Gibson,et al.  A Thick-Beam Library Solution Method for Vibration-Based Characterization of Thick Composite Plates , 2001 .

[40]  Daniel Massicotte,et al.  Ultrasonic NDE of composite material structures using wavelet coefficients , 2001 .

[41]  Golam Newaz,et al.  Sonic infrared imaging of fatigue cracks , 2001 .

[42]  Ronald F. Gibson,et al.  Modal vibration response measurements for characterization of composite materials and structures , 2000 .

[43]  W. Chen,et al.  ON THE ACOUSTIC ABSORPTION OF POROUS MATERIALS WITH DIFFERENT SURFACE SHAPES AND PERFORATED PLATES , 2000 .

[44]  Thomas K. Tsotsis,et al.  Indentation failure behavior of honeycomb sandwich panels , 2000 .

[45]  M. Elahi,et al.  Effects of Fluids on the Deformation, Strength and Durability of Polymeric Composites – An Overview , 2000 .

[46]  Rui Miranda Guedes,et al.  Prediction of long-term behaviour of composite materials , 2000 .

[47]  Grant P. Steven,et al.  VIBRATION-BASED MODEL-DEPENDENT DAMAGE (DELAMINATION) IDENTIFICATION AND HEALTH MONITORING FOR COMPOSITE STRUCTURES — A REVIEW , 2000 .

[48]  Andreas Mandelis,et al.  Laser infrared photothermal radiometric depth profilometry of steels and its potential in rail track evaluation , 1999 .

[49]  Jaihak Lee.  Plate waves in multi-directional composite laminates , 1999 .

[50]  N. Gupta,et al.  On the Characterisation of Syntactic Foam Core Sandwich Composites for Compressive Properties , 1999 .

[51]  A. Petras,et al.  Failure mode maps for honeycomb sandwich panels , 1999 .

[52]  J. Vinson.  The Behavior of Sandwich Structures of Isotropic and Composite Materials , 1999 .

[53]  R. A. Shenoi,et al.  Modelling the fatigue behaviour of sandwich beams under monotonic, 2-step and block-loading regimes , 1999 .

[54]  Anastasios P. Vassilopoulos,et al.  Fatigue of composite laminates under off-axis loading , 1999 .

[55]  A. Palazotto,et al.  Low velocity impact damage characteristics of Z-fiber reinforced sandwich panels — an experimental study , 1998 .

[56]  D. Sikarskie,et al.  An analytical and experimental comparison of orthotropic sandwich panels using the Hydromat Test System , 1998 .

[57]  H. Whitworth,et al.  A stiffness degradation model for composite laminates under fatigue loading , 1997 .

[58]  D. Zenkert,et al.  Fatigue of foam core sandwich beams—2: effect of initial damage , 1997 .

[59]  Magnus Burman,et al.  Fatigue of foam core sandwich beams—1: undamaged specimens , 1997 .

[60]  O. S. Salawu.  Detection of structural damage through changes in frequency: a review , 1997 .

[61]  Serge Abrate,et al.  Localized Impact on Sandwich Structures With Laminated Facings , 1997 .

[62]  Don J. Roth,et al.  Using a Single Transducer Ultrasonic Imaging Method to Eliminate the Effect of Thickness Variation in the Images of Ceramic and Composite Plates , 1997 .

[63]  T. Adam,et al.  Fatigue of carbon-fibre-reinforced plastics under block-loading conditions , 1997 .

[64]  Lloyd V. Smith,et al.  The immersed fatigue response of polymer composites , 1996 .

[65]  Siu-Tong Choi,et al.  A Study of Fatigue Damage and Fatigue Life of Composite Laminates , 1996 .

[66]  R. A. Shenoi,et al.  Fatigue Behaviour of Polymer Composite Sandwich Beams , 1995 .

[67]  E. Ayorinde,et al.  Elastic Constants of Thick Orthotropic Composite Plates , 1995 .

[68]  Yang Xiang,et al.  Research on thick plate vibration: a literature survey , 1995 .

[69]  C. Hiel,et al.  Long-term hygrothermal effects on damage tolerance of hybrid composite sandwich panels , 1995 .

[70]  K Yamaguchi,et al.  Acoustic Emission: Current Practice and Future Directions , 1991 .

[71]  K. Yamaguchi,et al.  Acoustic Emission Technology Using Multi-Parameter Analysis of Waveform and Application to GFRP Tensile Tests , 1991 .

[72]  G. Sendeckyj,et al.  Life Prediction for Resin-Matrix Composite Materials , 1991 .

[73]  M. Akay,et al.  A comparison of honeycomb-core and foam-core carbon-fibre/epoxy sandwich panels , 1990 .

[74]  Igor Grabec,et al.  Recent developments in quantitative ultrasonic NDE of composites , 1990 .

[75]  V. Grigoryan,et al.  Acoustic interface waves in sandwich structures , 1988 .

[76]  M. Hamstad.  A review: Acoustic emission, a tool for composite-materials studies , 1986 .

[77]  D. J. Hall,et al.  A novel method for determining the temperature dependence a shear properties of structural foams , 1986 .

[78]  Kenneth Reifsnider,et al.  Long-Term Fatigue Behavior of Composite Materials , 1983 .

[79]  A.S.D. Wang,et al.  Effects of Proof Test on the Strength and Fatigue Life of a Unidirectional Composite , 1981 .

[80]  H. Hahn.  LONG-TERM BEHAVIOR OF COMPOSITE MATERIALS , 1980 .

[81]  Z. Hashin,et al.  A CUMULATIVE DAMAGE THEORY OF FATIGUE FAILURE , 1978 .

[82]  Lj Broutman,et al.  A New Theory to Predict Cumulative Fatigue Damage in Fiberglass Reinforced Plastics , 1972 .

[83]  R. Brook,et al.  Cumulative Damage in Fatigue: A Step towards Its Understanding , 1969 .

[84]  H. G. Allen.  Analysis and design of structural sandwich panels , 1969 .