Chapter 12 – Stainless Steel

A stainless steel is, in its raw form, resistant to stains, discolouration or loss of mass due to rusting. This is because it contains sufficient chromium to form a passive film of oxide on the surface, which isolates the substrate from the reactive environment. The film is able to reform in seconds in the event of damage. With an appropriate combination of alloying elements, stainless steels can be fully austenitic, a mixture of ferrite and austenite, fully ferritic or martensitic. They may or may not be precipitation hardened. The palette of alloys available permits considerable creativity in the application of stainless steel, from the facade of modern buildings, to artistic creations and in critical applications such as nuclear reactors.

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