MASTER’S THESIS VALIDATION OF CYBER-PHYSICAL SYSTEMS IN GAS SENSOR MEASUREMENTS

In this thesis a cyber-physical system for gas sensor measurements was constructed. In the design implementation, two different approaches were taken; we created a device for calibrating and testing the sensors and another device acting as independent battery-powered measurement platform. Both systems are compatible with a separate circuit (sensor)board coupled within the sensors. This board supports both commercial Taguchi-type and custom sensors. In addition, the circuit (sensor)board includes optional heater circuits for gas sensors as well as a separate temperature and humidity sensor. The devices utilize Arduino-based microcontrollers and a Raspberry Pi single board computer which were programmed to execute the specified functions. According to the nature of cyber-physical system, devices are able to save the data to a memory card and upload it to internet using the selected cloud service. In order to validate the specified functionality of the devices, gas sensors were fabricated by inkjet-printing platinum decorated tungsten(VI) oxide nanoparticles onto a substrate. The substrate was then wire bonded to a dual inline package-compatible chip carrier. Test measurements and sensor calibration were carried out in a custom test chamber in hydrogen gas environment.

[1]  Edward A. Lee.  Introducing embedded systems: a cyber-physical approach: extended abstract , 2009, WESE '09.

[2]  P. Marwedel.  Embedded Systems Embedded and Cyber-Physical Systems in a Nutshell , 2010 .

[3]  Chung-Chieh Chang,et al.  Hydrogen sensing characteristics of an electrodeposited WO3 thin film gasochromic sensor activated by Pt catalyst , 2007 .

[4]  János Mizsei,et al.  Structural studies of sputtered noble metal catalysts on oxide surfaces , 1998 .

[5]  Duk-Dong Lee,et al.  Nitrogen oxides-sensing characteristics of WO3-based nanocrystalline thick film gas sensor , 1999 .

[6]  U. Lampe,et al.  Metal Oxide Sensors , 1995, International Conference on Solid-State Sensors, Actuators and Microsystems.

[7]  P. Shaver.  ACTIVATED TUNGSTEN OXIDE GAS DETECTORS , 1967 .

[8]  N. Yamazoe,et al.  Oxide Semiconductor Gas Sensors , 2003 .

[9]  Michele Penza,et al.  NOX GAS SENSING CHARACTERISTICS OF WO3 THIN FILMS ACTIVATED BY NOBLE METALS (PD, PT, AU) LAYERS , 1998 .

[10]  Peter Marwedel,et al.  Embedded system design , 2010, Embedded Systems.

[11]  G. Heiland,et al.  Zum Einfluß von adsorbiertem Sauerstoff auf die elektrische Leitfähigkeit von Zinkoxydkristallen , 1954 .

[12]  Andrey Shchukarev,et al.  Room temperature hydrogen sensors based on metal decorated WO3 nanowires , 2013 .

[13]  Omar Khadeer Hussain,et al.  Cyber-Physical Systems as an Enabler for Next Generation Applications , 2012, 2012 15th International Conference on Network-Based Information Systems.

[14]  J. Haber,et al.  Electric Conductivity and Catalytic Activity of Semiconducting Oxide Catalysts , 1957, Nature.

[15]  T. Paryjczak,et al.  Metal films on a SnO2 surface as selective gas sensors , 1996 .

[16]  Chung-Chieh Chang,et al.  Preparation and characterization of gasochromic Pt/WO3 hydrogen sensor by using the Taguchi design method , 2010 .

[17]  Andrey Shchukarev,et al.  Gas sensors based on anodic tungsten oxide , 2011 .

[18]  S.R. Morrison.  Semiconducting-oxide chemical sensors , 1991, IEEE Circuits and Devices Magazine.

[19]  Insup Lee,et al.  Cyber-physical systems: The next computing revolution , 2010, Design Automation Conference.

[20]  Xiaoming Sun,et al.  Highly sensitive WO3 hollow-sphere gas sensors. , 2004, Inorganic chemistry.

[21]  Wojtek Wlodarski,et al.  Hydrogen sensing characteristics of WO3 thin film conductometric sensors activated by Pt and Au catalysts , 2005 .

[22]  Hamid Mukhtar,et al.  Design Time Considerations for Cyber Physical Systems , 2012, 2012 IEEE International Conference on Green Computing and Communications.

[23]  Dong Xiang,et al.  Metal Oxide Gas Sensors: Sensitivity and Influencing Factors , 2010, Sensors.

[24]  Andrey Shchukarev,et al.  Inkjet-printed gas sensors : metal decorated WO3 nanoparticles and their gas sensing properties , 2012 .

[25]  Laszlo B. Kish,et al.  Semiconductor gas sensors based on nanostructured tungsten oxide , 2001 .

[26]  C. Dücso,et al.  Fine-tuning of gas sensitivity by modification of nano-crystalline WO3 layer morphology , 2015 .

[27]  Helen Gill,et al.  Cyber-Physical Systems , 2019, 2019 IEEE International Conference on Mechatronics (ICM).

[28]  T. Seiyama,et al.  A New Detector for Gaseous Components Using Semiconductive Thin Films. , 1962 .

[29]  N. Bârsan,et al.  Metal oxide-based gas sensor research: How to? , 2007 .

[30]  Jarmo Kukkola.  Gas sensors based on nanostructured tungsten oxides , 2013 .