Calibration and Validation of ADAPT and SWAT for Field‐Scale Runoff Prediction 1

The pollutant reduction possible with a given agricultural best-management practice (BMP) is complex and site-specific. Water-quality models can evaluate BMPs, but model results are often limited by the lack of calibrated parameters for a given BMP. This study calibrated runoff prediction of two models (ADAPT and SWAT) for individual field plots having one till and two no-till management practices. The factors used for runoff calibration were curve number II (CN II ) and saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat) for ADAPT, and CN II , Ksat, and available water capacity for SWAT. Results were evaluated using coefficient of determination (R 2 ), Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (E f ), root-mean square error, median-based E f , and sign tests. Results indicated that for ADAPT, the best-fit CN II was 66 for the NT/SB (no-till plot with surface-broadcast fertilizer) treatment, 68 for the NT/DB (no-till with deep-banded fertilizer) treatment, and 70 for the tilled plot, whereas for SWAT the best-fit CN II was much higher, 86, for all treatments. Neither agreed with the textbook CN II , 78, for sorghum in silty clay loam soil. The best-fit model parameters for both runoff calibration phases had excellent correlation to monthly totals and moderate correlation to individual events.

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