History Matching of Stochastic Models of Field-Scale Fractures: Methodology and Case Study

History matching of a stochastic model of field-scale fractures: methodology and case study — This paper focuses on the history matching of stochastic models of large-scale fractures under seismic resolution, namely sub-seismic faults and fracture swarms. First, we propose an object-based stochastic model for describing geological features of large-scale fractures. This model accounts for sta- tic constraints derived from seismic attributes, fault-related-strain-field, structural information (curva- ture), etc. Second, we review an upscaling procedure for performing fluid flow simulation in the presence of networks of large-scale fractures. Third, we present an algorithm for gradually moving and deforming