Expertise in object and face recognition

This chapter defines object expertise as the ability to recognize objects at the subordinate level of abstraction. Following this criterion, object experts, such as bird and dog experts, demonstrated a downward shift in recognition when identifying objects from their domain of expertise and normal adults when identifying faces. However, the functional equivalence of expert object recognition and face recognition does not imply that they are mediated by a similar mechanism. The chapter adopts a computational approach to the specialness question. Face recognition researchers suggests that faces, unlike other objects, are recognized holistically-a process that is operationalized as difference in recognition of part when presented in isolation and in the whole object. Thus, it discusses whether holistic recognition is a face specific computation or whether it is a general form of expert object recognition. The discussion, addresses the separate questions of uniqueness and expertise as they relate to the studies with real-world and laboratory experts.

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