Fermented Soy Paste Alleviates Lipid Accumulation in The Liver by Regulating the AMPK Pathway and Modulating Gut Microbiota in High-Fat Diet-Fed Rats.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common cause of liver disease due to lipid accumulation in the hepatocyte. Diet, especially a high-fat diet, is one risk factor that leads to NAFLD. Many natural compounds such as isoflavones have anti-obesity effects. Therefore, intake of these functional compounds through daily dietary choices is a method of improving health. Miso is a kind of fermented soy paste, which is rich in isoflavones, has different biological activity. In this study, we investigated the effects of different concentration of fermented soy paste on NAFLD in high-fat diet (HFD) fed Sprague Dawley (SD) rats. The results showed that 2% fermented soy paste decreased serum TG and ALT, and reduced lipid accumulation in the liver through induced fatty acid oxidation by activating the AMPK pathway and increasing PGC1α and CPT1α protein expression. Furthermore, we found that 2% fermented soy paste increased the abundance of Prevotellaceae NK3B31 and Desulfovibrio. Taken together, fermented soy paste improved HFD-induced lipid accumulation in liver by activating fatty acid oxidation and modulating gut microbiota.

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