Survey on Mobile Ad Hoc Network Routing Protocols and Cross-Layer Design

A "mobile ad hoc network" (MANET) is an autonomous system of mobile routers connected by wireless links. The routers are free to move randomly and organize themselves arbitrarily; thus, the network's wireless topology may change rapidly and unpredictably. Such a network may operate in a standalone fashion, or may be connected to the Internet. Multi hop, mobility, large network size combined with device heterogeneity, bandwidth and battery power constrain make the design of adequate routing protocols a major challenge. In recent years, many routing protocols have been proposed for MANET. Basically these protocols can be fit in one of two major categories: on-demand such as AODV [1] and DSR [2], and proactive such as DSDV [3] and OLSR [4]. The review and performance comparison of these protocols are in [5][6][7]. A more comprehensive survey can be found in [8]. In this survey, we will not focus on individual routing protocols; instead we will discuss some new ideas proposed recently mainly to improve MANET throughput and scalability in different ways with some new routing metrics, new technologies such as multi-rate, multi-channel and hierarchical structure, by using cross-layer design.

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