Pre-Stack Q Estimation Based on Inverse Spectral Decomposition

Abstract: The quality factor can quantitatively measure the attenuation of seismic waves, and it can compensate for seismic wave amplitude attenuation and correct the phase distortion. The traditional Q extraction method uses the post-stack seismic data to extract the Q-factor. Due to the low-pass filtering effect of the stacked seismic data, the obtained quality factor may be inaccurate. A method of estimating the quality factor using pre-stack common midpoint (CMP) gather data is proposed in this paper. In this method, inversion spectrum decomposition (ISD) and shaping regularization are introduced to obtain the Q-factor. During the process, we obtained the average-Q through inversion and finally obtained the internal-Q by using the average-Q. The numerical simulation and field data application show that the Q obtained using this method can accurately identify the oil-bearing area. Then, the Q is applied to the inverse Q-filter and produces seismic data with a high resolution and a high signal-to-noise ratio.

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