Psychedelika in der Psychiatrie – Entwicklungen und die Stellung in Deutschland

Zusammenfassung In den letzten Jahren erlebte die klinische Forschung zur therapeutischen Wirksamkeit von Psychedelika eine Art Renaissance. Der aktuelle Stand wissenschaftlicher Erkenntnisse zur Wirksamkeit bei verschiedenen psychiatrischen Indikationen, wie auch die bereits unter bestimmten Voraussetzungen genehmigungsfähige Anwendung einiger psychedelischer Substanzen in der klinischen Praxis in manchen Ländern der Welt, legen die Möglichkeit einer zukünftigen Anwendung im klinischen Setting auch in Deutschland nahe. Dabei steht das Feld noch vor großen Herausforderungen inklusive der Notwendigkeit einer kritischen Gestaltung der Rahmenbedingungen für einen möglichen klinischen Einsatz. In diesem Artikel wird auf die historischen Hintergründe der klinischen Anwendung von Psychedelika eingegangen, um dann Aspekte wie Psychophänomenologie, Wirkmodelle, mögliche Indikationen und Pharmakosicherheit zu beleuchten. Anschließend wird der aktuelle Stand der Forschung und auch der Organisation von Fachgesellschaften in Deutschland im historischen und internationalen Kontext betrachtet, wie auch kritische Aspekte und noch zu klärende Fragen in dem Themenfeld.

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