Spatial distortion prediction system for stereoscopic images

We propose a system to calculate the spatial distortion in 3-D images based on the shooting, display, and viewing conditions. It can be used to predict the extent of the perceived puppet-theater effect and the cardboard effect. The magnitude of the spatial distor- tion and the extent of the puppet-theater and cardboard effects are displayed using a space grid whose size can be estimated based on the objects' depths, calculated from the binocular parallax of the acquired stereoscopic images. This system can also be used to predict excessive binocular parallax and excessive parallax distribu- tion. Several cases in which puppet-theater and cardboard effects are expected to be produced are presented. We also demonstrate how the proposed system might be used to predict ratings of natu- ralness and quality of depth. © 2006 SPIE and

[1]  Wijnand A. IJsselsteijn,et al.  Subjective evaluation of stereoscopic images: effects of camera parameters and display duration , 2000, IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. Video Technol..

[2]  Graham R Jones,et al.  Controlling perceived depth in stereoscopic images , 2001, IS&T/SPIE Electronic Imaging.

[3]  G. A. Thomas,et al.  Television motion measurement for DATV and other applications , 1987 .

[4]  Hideo Kusaka Apparent depth and size of stereoscopically viewed images , 1992, Electronic Imaging.

[5]  Robert Kutka Reconstruction of correct 3-D perception on screens viewed at different distances , 1994, IEEE Trans. Commun..

[6]  Fumio Okano,et al.  Measurement of parallax distribution and its application to the analysis of visual comfort for stereoscopic HDTV , 2003, IS&T/SPIE Electronic Imaging.

[7]  Neil A. Dodgson,et al.  Variation and extrema of human interpupillary distance , 2004, IS&T/SPIE Electronic Imaging.

[8]  Takashi Shibata,et al.  Development of software for editing of stereoscopic 3D movies , 2002, IS&T/SPIE Electronic Imaging.

[9]  Charles Smith,et al.  Basic Principles of the Three-Dimensional Film , 1952 .

[10]  D. L. MacAdam Stereoscopic Perceptions of Size, Shape, Distance and Direction , 1954 .

[11]  Nobuyuki Hiruma,et al.  Accommodation Response to Binocular Stereoscopic TV Images and Their Viewing Conditions , 1993 .

[12]  Matthias Wöpking,et al.  Viewing comfort with stereoscopic pictures : an experimental study on the subjective effects of disparity magnitude and depth of focus , 1995 .

[13]  Filippo Speranza,et al.  Improving the visual comfort of stereoscopic images , 2003, IS&T/SPIE Electronic Imaging.

[14]  Masaki Emoto,et al.  Changes in fusional vergence limit and its hysteresis after viewing stereoscopic TV , 2004 .

[15]  Ichiro Yuyama,et al.  A study on the relationship between shooting conditions and cardboard effect of stereoscopic images , 2000, IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. Video Technol..

[16]  Ichiro Yuyama,et al.  Three-Dimensional Image Information Media. Geometrical Analysis of Puppet Theater and Cardboard Effects in Stereoscopic Images. , 2002 .

[17]  S. Pastoor Human factors of 3D displays in advanced image communications , 1993 .

[18]  Andrew J. Woods,et al.  Image distortions in stereoscopic video systems , 1993, Electronic Imaging.

[19]  Brian T. Schowengerdt,et al.  Binocular retinal scanning laser display with integrated focus cues for ocular accommodation , 2003, IS&T/SPIE Electronic Imaging.

[20]  Y. Yeh,et al.  Limits of Fusion and Depth Judgment in Stereoscopic Color Displays , 1990, Human factors.

[21]  S. Kitrosser Photography in the Service of Stereoscopy : 3-D imaging , 1998 .

[22]  Hirokazu Yamanoue The Relation between Size Distortion and Shooting Conditions for Stereoscopic Images , 1997 .

[23]  Wijnand A. IJsselsteijn,et al.  A survey of perceptual evaluations and requirements of three-dimensional TV , 2004, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology.