Artificial neural network modelling of the electrical conductivity property of recombined milk

Abstract This paper focuses on modelling the electrical conductivity of recombined milk by artificial neural network (ANN). It aims to establish a non-linear relationship that accounts for the effect of milk constituents (protein, lactose, and fat) and temperature on the electrical conductivity of recombined milk. Various ANNs of 3-layer and 4-layer were investigated. Compared with 3-layer ANN models, 4-layer ANN models provide better model performance. In addition, log-sigmoid transfer function is proved to perform more practically than tan-sigmoid transfer function. The best ANN model has a 4-4-4-1 structure with log-sigmoid transfer function. After being trained for 4.4×10 5 epochs by back-propagation, the model produced a correlation coefficient of 0.9937 between the actual electrical conductivity (actual EC) and the modelled electrical conductivity (modelled EC) and a SSE of 0.4864.

[1]  Bosoon Park,et al.  Classification of on-line poultry carcasses with backpropagation neural networks , 1998 .

[2]  M. Nielen,et al.  Electrical conductivity of milk: measurement, modifiers, and meta analysis of mastitis detection performance. , 1992, Journal of dairy science.

[3]  J. Prentice.  The conductivity of milk—the effect of the volume and degree of dispersion of the fat , 1962, Journal of Dairy Research.

[4]  Jacek M. Zurada,et al.  Introduction to artificial neural systems , 1992 .

[5]  Krzysztof Ciesielski,et al.  Dynamic and hybrid neural model of thermal drying in a fluidized bed , 1997 .

[6]  Timothy Masters,et al.  Practical neural network recipes in C , 1993 .

[7]  Weibiao Zhou,et al.  Determination of protein content of whey powder using electrical conductivity measurement , 1997 .

[8]  Pekka Linko,et al.  Fuzzy logic and neural network applications in food science and technology , 1993 .

[9]  Jay Liebowitz,et al.  Design and development of expert systems and neural networks , 1993 .

[10]  L. Bochereau,et al.  Sensory-instrumental correlations by combining data analysis and neural network techniques , 1993 .

[11]  H. Henderson,et al.  Changes in electrical conductivity and somatic cell count between milk fractions from quarters subclinically infected with particular mastitis pathogens , 1998, Journal of Dairy Research.

[12]  P. Dejmek.  Precision conductometry in milk renneting , 1989, Journal of Dairy Research.

[13]  C. Champagne,et al.  The use of electrical conductivity to follow acidification of dairy blends , 1995 .