A comparison of techniques for calculating gradient and aspect from a gridded digital elevation model

Abstract Digital elevation data spaced on a regular 30 m grid were generated over a region of moderate topography in south-east Australia. Six algorithms for calculating gradient and aspect from these data were compared. General linear regression models and the third-order finite difference methods were the most accurate.

[1]  W. Cibula,et al.  Use of topographic and climatological models in a geographical data base to improve Landsat MSS classification for Olympic National Park , 1987 .

[2]  M. Hutchinson.  A new procedure for gridding elevation and stream line data with automatic removal of spurious pits , 1989 .

[3]  L. D. Miller,et al.  Forest site index mapping and modeling. , 1980 .

[4]  J. Neter,et al.  Applied linear statistical models : regression, analysis of variance, and experimental designs , 1974 .

[5]  T. Logan,et al.  Improving forest cover classification accuracy from Landsat by incorporating topographic information , 1978 .

[6]  M. D. Fleming,et al.  Machine Processing of Landsat MSS Data and DMA Topographic Data for Forest Cover Type Mapping , 1979 .

[7]  P. Burrough.  Principles of Geographical Information Systems for Land Resources Assessment , 1986 .

[8]  A. Skidmore.  An expert system classifies eucalypt forest types using thematic mapper data and a digital terrain model , 1989 .

[9]  I. Evans.  Statistical Characterization of Altitude Matrices by Computer. Report 6. An Integrated System of Terrain Analysis and Slope Mapping. , 1979 .

[10]  Gerard B. M. Heuvelink,et al.  Propagation of errors in spatial modelling with GIS , 1989, Int. J. Geogr. Inf. Sci..

[11]  C. Justice,et al.  Application of digital terrain data to quantify and reduce the topographic effect on Landsat data , 1981 .

[12]  Wayne D. Iverson,et al.  VIEWIT: computation of seen areas, slope, and aspect for land-use planning , 1975 .

[13]  J. Franklin,et al.  Coniferous Forest Classification and Inventory Using Landsat and Digital Terrain Data , 1986, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing.

[14]  Wayne L. Myers,et al.  Survey Methods for Ecosystem Management , 1980 .

[15]  Berthold K. P. Horn,et al.  Hill shading and the reflectance map , 1981, Proceedings of the IEEE.

[16]  C. Thorne,et al.  Quantitative analysis of land surface topography , 1987 .

[17]  A. Skidmore.  Terrain position as mapped from a gridded digital elevation model , 1990 .

[18]  V. Barnett,et al.  Applied Linear Statistical Models , 1975 .

[19]  Mitchell J. Mergenthaler.  Introduction to statistics: A nonparametric approach , 1976 .

[20]  John F. O'Callaghan,et al.  The extraction of drainage networks from digital elevation data , 1984, Comput. Vis. Graph. Image Process..

[21]  David John Unwin,et al.  Introductory Spatial Analysis , 1982 .