Introduction: mixing in microfluidics

In this paper we briefly review the main issues associated with mixing at the microscale and introduce the papers comprising the Theme Issue.

[1]  Bartosz A Grzybowski,et al.  Microfluidic mixers: from microfabricated to self-assembling devices , 2004, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences.

[2]  H. Aref.  Stochastic particle motion in laminar flows , 1991 .

[3]  G. Whitesides,et al.  Controlling flows in microchannels with patterned surface charge and topography. , 2003, Accounts of chemical research.

[4]  J. Santiago,et al.  Electrokinetic instability micromixing. , 2001, Analytical chemistry.

[5]  Daniel T. Chiu,et al.  Microfluidic systems: High radial acceleration in microvortices , 2003, Nature.

[6]  Abraham D Stroock,et al.  Investigation of the staggered herringbone mixer with a simple analytical model , 2004, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences.

[7]  Julio M. Ottino,et al.  Mixing and chemical reactions a tutorial , 1994 .

[8]  E. S. Szalai,et al.  Mixing dynamics in the SMX static mixer as a function of injection location and flow ratio , 2003 .

[9]  Igor Mezić,et al.  Mixing in the shear superposition micromixer: three-dimensional analysis , 2004, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences.

[10]  Victor M Ugaz,et al.  Microfabricated electrophoresis systems for DNA sequencing and genotyping applications: current technology and future directions , 2004, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences.

[11]  W. Ranz,et al.  A lamellar model for analysis of liquid-liquid mixing , 1979 .

[12]  David J. Beebe,et al.  An externally driven magnetic microstirrer , 2004, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences.

[13]  Patrick Patrick Anderson,et al.  Analysis and Optimization of Kenics Static Mixers , 2003 .

[14]  Hassan Aref,et al.  Designing for chaos: applications of chaotic advection at the microscale , 2004, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences.

[15]  H. K. Moffatt.  Viscous and resistive eddies near a sharp corner , 1964, Journal of Fluid Mechanics.

[16]  P. Tabeling,et al.  Chaotic mixing in cross-channel micromixers , 2004, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences.

[17]  S. Troian,et al.  A study of mixing in thermocapillary flows on micropatterned surfaces , 2004, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences.

[18]  R. Austin,et al.  Hydrodynamic Focusing on a Silicon Chip: Mixing Nanoliters in Microseconds , 1998 .

[19]  Julio M. Ottino,et al.  A case study of chaotic mixing in deterministic flows: The partitioned-pipe mixer , 1987 .

[20]  Joshua D. Tice,et al.  Microfluidic systems for chemical kinetics that rely on chaotic mixing in droplets , 2004, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences.

[21]  E. B. Nauman,et al.  Static Mixers to Promote Axial Mixing , 2002 .

[22]  Jonathan Knight,et al.  Microfluidics: Honey, I shrunk the lab , 2002, Nature.

[23]  H. K. Moffatt,et al.  On a class of steady confined Stokes flows with chaotic streamlines , 1990, Journal of Fluid Mechanics.

[24]  J. Ottino.  The Kinematics of Mixing: Stretching, Chaos, and Transport , 1989 .

[25]  Julio M. Ottino,et al.  Transport enhancement mechanisms in open cavities , 2002, Journal of Fluid Mechanics.

[26]  Stephen Wiggins,et al.  Foundations of chaotic mixing , 2004, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences.

[27]  I. Mezić,et al.  Chaotic Mixer for Microchannels , 2002, Science.

[28]  Heh Han Meijer,et al.  Homogeneity of multilayers produced with a static mixer , 2001 .

[29]  Robin H. Liu,et al.  Passive mixing in a three-dimensional serpentine microchannel , 2000, Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems.

[30]  H. Stone,et al.  Microfluidics: Basic issues, applications, and challenges , 2001 .

[31]  J. M. Ottino,et al.  Symmetry concepts for the geometric analysis of mixing flows , 1992, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A: Physical and Engineering Sciences.

[32]  Julio M. Ottino,et al.  Experiments on mixing in continuous chaotic flows , 1992, Journal of Fluid Mechanics.

[33]  Howard A. Stone,et al.  ENGINEERING FLOWS IN SMALL DEVICES , 2004 .

[34]  S. Strogatz,et al.  Chaotic streamlines inside drops immersed in steady Stokes flows , 1991, Journal of Fluid Mechanics.

[35]  Julio M. Ottino,et al.  The statistics of stretching and stirring in chaotic flows , 1991 .

[36]  A Bertsch,et al.  Static micromixers based on large-scale industrial mixer geometry. , 2001, Lab on a chip.

[37]  Phil Paik,et al.  Electrowetting-based droplet mixers for microfluidic systems. , 2003, Lab on a chip.

[38]  Ottino,et al.  Visualization of three-dimensional chaos , 1998, Science.