MICRORGANISMOS PATOGÊNICOS E INDICADORES EM QUEIJO DE COALHO PRODUZIDO NO ESTADO DO CEARÁ, BRASIL

Avaliou-se a qualidade higienico-sanitaria de 43 amostras de queijo de coalho produzidas em diferentes microrregioes do estado do Ceara. Bolores e leveduras foram detectados em 100% das amostras de queijos, com contagem variando de 1,7 x 104 a 1,6 x 109 UFC/g. Todas as amostras apresentaram coliformes totais e fecais, com confirmacao de Escherichia coli em 93,1% das mesmas. Foi verificada a presenca de Estafilococos coagulase positiva em 93,1% das amostras de queijos, com contagens variando de 1,0 x 101 a 2,0 x 109 UFC/g. Apenas 2,3% das amostras encontravam-se de acordo com os padroes microbiologicos vigentes para essa bacteria. A presenca de Salmonella foi constatada em 34,9% das amostras de queijos. Listeria sp . foi detectada em 6,9% das amostras, com confirmacao de L. monocytogenes em 2,3% dessas. A elevada populacao de bolores e leveduras (observada em 100% das amostras de queijos de coalho) indicou deficiencia nos procedimentos de higiene e sanitizacao das amostras, caracterizando-as como produto em condicoes higienicas insatisfatorias. A alta concentracao de estafilococos coagulase positiva e de coliformes fecais (aproximadamente 90% das amostras) caracterizou os queijos como produto em condicoes higienico-sanitarias insatisfatorias. Queijos de coalho oriundos das cinco microrregioes do Ceara envolvidas no estudo nao apresentaram seguranca alimentar, visto que a maioria continha estafilococos coagulase positiva, L. monocytogenes e Salmonella. A presenca dessas duas ultimas bacterias permitiu classificar os queijos como produtos improprios para consumo humano. PATHOGENIC AND INDICATOR MICROORGANISMS ISOLATED FROM “COALHO”CHEESE PRODUCED IN THE CEARA STATE, BRAZIL Abstract The hygienic-sanitary quality of 43 “coalho” cheese samples produced in different regions of the Ceara state was evaluated. Yeasts and molds were detected in 100% of the samples, varying from 1.7 x 104 to 1.6 x 109 CFU/g. All of the samples presented total and faecal coliforms with confirmation of Escherichia coli in 93.1% of the samples. Positive coagulase staphylococci were observed in 93,1% of the samples with countings ranging from 1.0 x 101 to 2.0 x 109 CFU/g. Only 2.3% of the samples were in accordance with the actual microbiological patterns for this bacteria. Presence of Salmonella was confirmed in 34.9% of the cheese samples. Listeria sp . was detected in 6.9% of the samples and posterior confirmation of L. monocytogenes in 2.3% of the samples. The elevated population of yeasts and molds (observed in 100% of the samples) indicated deficiency in the hygiene and sanitation proceedings becoming characterized as “product at unsatisfactory hygienic conditions”. The high population of positive coagulase staphylococci characterized the cheeses as “product at unsatisfactory hygienic and sanitary conditions”. “Coalho” cheeses originated from five regions of Ceara state involved in this study did not present food safety, mainly because of the presence of positive coagulase staphylococci, L. monocytogenes and Salmonella. The presence of the two last bacteria permitted to classify the cheeses as inappropriate to the human consumption.

[1]  R. T. Nassu,et al.  Pesquisa de Salmonella sp., Listeria sp. e microrganismos indicadores higiênico-sanitários em queijos produzidos no estado do Rio Grande do Norte , 2003 .

[2]  P. Almeida,et al.  Occurrence of Listeria spp. in critical control points and the environment of Minas Frescal cheese processing. , 2003, International journal of food microbiology.

[3]  T. Jemmi,et al.  Risk factors for L. monocytogenes contamination of dairy products in Switzerland, 1990-1999. , 2002, Preventive veterinary medicine.

[4]  M. Griffiths,et al.  Effect of phage on survival of Salmonella enteritidis during manufacture and storage of cheddar cheese made from raw and pasteurized milk. , 2001, Journal of food protection.

[5]  E. Hofer,et al.  Characterization and evaluation of some virulence markers of Listeria monocytogenes strains isolated from Brazilian cheeses using molecular, biochemical and serotyping techniques. , 2001, International journal of food microbiology.

[6]  S. Scherer,et al.  High incidence of Listeria monocytogenes in European red smear cheese. , 2001, International journal of food microbiology.

[7]  Stephen J. Forsythe,et al.  Microbiology of safe food. , 2001 .

[8]  E. Hofer,et al.  Incidence of Listeria monocytogenes in cheese produced in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. , 1998, Journal of food protection.

[9]  M. Newman,et al.  TECRA Listeria Visual Immunoassay (TLVIA) for detection of Listeria in foods: collaborative study. , 1996, Journal of AOAC International.

[10]  Heliana de Azevedo Gomes Ocorrência de Staphylococcus aureus e produção de enterotoxinas por linhagens isoladas a partir de leite cru, leite pasteurizado tipo C e queijo Minas frescal, comercializados em Piracicaba-SP , 1994 .