Power-Aware Wireless Microsensor Networks

Distributed networks of thousands of collaborating microsensors promise a maintenance-free, fault-tolerant platform for gathering rich, multi-dimensional observations of the environment. As a microsensor node must operate for years on a tiny battery, careful and innovativetechniques are necessary to eliminate energy inefficiencies overlooked in the past. For instance, properties of VLSI (Very Large Scale Integration) hardware, such as leakage and the start-up time of radio electronics, must be considered for their impact on system energy, especially during long idle periods. Nodes must gracefully scale energy consumption in response to ever-varying performance demands. All levels of the communication hierarchy, from the link layer to media access to routing protocols, must be tuned for the hardware and application. Careful attention to the details of energy consumption at every point in the design process will be the key enabler for dense, robust microsensor networks that deliver maximal system lifetime in the most challenging and operationally diverse environments.

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