PEVs modeling for assessment of vehicular charging scenarios on distribution system

The increased penetration of plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) in the market is likely to increase the total electricity consumption and add a sizable burden on distribution system operation. A novel PEV charging load model is developed to accurately estimate the effects of the potential vehicular charging load on the distribution system. This model is composed of driving pattern model and energy consumption model, and is addressed in a stochastic framework considering the random charging start time, initial battery state-of-charge (SOC), vehicle locations and ambient temperature effect. In this paper, three different charge strategies are presented to control PEVs charging and the PEVs charging effects on the distribution grid is analyzed using the standard power flow calculations. A case study using the proposed charge strategies verify the benefits of the choice of optimal methods in an IEEE 33-bus system. The application of the two optimal algorithms verifies the relationship between load variance and network losses approximately depends on system topology and sometimes almost equivalent. Moreover, vehicle location is found to be an important factor in coordination, and the impacts are investigated to be decreased when a well-developed charge infrastructure is in place. In addition, the optimal distribution of PEVs charging at different locations would give a reference for system upgrades and charging infrastructure construction.