Response Simulation and Injury Prediction of Standing Dummy in a Subway Collision

Complicated posture of standing passengers is one of the factors that is difficult to predict and assess possible human impact injuries in a subway train.Definitions and classifications are made on standing dummy restraint and standing directions.An assessment method for the dummy injuries and threshold for the correlative parameters is established with accomplished simulation results under given head-on impact between two trains at 25km/h as boundary conditions.The impact time-dependent data of the posture response,head acceleration,chest acceleration and force on dummy legs is derived from the simulation.The injury prediction indicates that the injuries mainly occur on the head,neck and chest,which may cause cerebral concussion,skull and rib fractures for standing passengers in a subway collision.Grab handles could offer limited protection.The maximum of mechanical parameters by the dummy response on the impact can be used as the basis for subway vehicle structural design and injury prediction given no significant regular pattern between standing directions of occupants and the level of injury.