Sub-picoampere, 7-decade current to frequency converter for current sensing

An Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) has been designed in order to demonstrate the limitations and the challenges in ultralow current sensing. The Utopia (Ultralow Picoammeter) ASIC is foreseen to be the front-end in the new radiation measurement system for personnel safety at CERN. It is based on the topology of a Current to Frequency Converter (CFC) and has a wide dynamic range of 7 decades without range changing. Four different channels have been implemented in order to evaluate the limits regarding sub-picoampere current measurements. Test currents starting from -50 fA have been measured.