Parameter setting and the acquisition of word order in L2 French

In this article we discuss the theoretical implications of an experimental pilot study on the acquisition of word order properties in L2 French by Dutch native speakers. We expected the IL of our L2 learners to show the interaction of three parameters: the Head parameter, a (target of) verb movement parameter and a topicalization to SPEC, CP parameter. Our results appear to support these hypotheses. The Dutch L1 speakers clearly started out with a SOVI word order in their first stage of French L2 acquisition. They quite easily reset the Head Parameter for which there is positive evidence in French. Resetting of the Topicalization Parameter, however, for which we argued negative evidence to be necessary, was much more difficult. Interestingly, the L2 learners appear to adopt grammars that have parameter settings that correspond neither to Dutch, their L1, nor to French, their L2. Those parameter settings however are possible according to the constraints of UG and indeed are found in other languages. Concerning the actual order of sequences in this L2 French acquisition, we found a striking similarity to the scenario found in French language change. Summarizing, we have provided support for the UG approach of L2 acquisition. However, in doing so, we have also raised some new questions, particularly with respect to the difference between German and French L2 acquisition in resetting certain parameters.