Kanamycin (KM) was isolated from Streptomyces kanamyceticus by H. Umezawa et al.’ in Japan in 1957 and was subsequently shown to have antituberculous activity upon both streptomycin-susceptible and -resistant tubercle bacilli by K. Yanagisawa et aL2 in the same year. In this report and in two previous reports:, we confirm Yanagisawa’s findings and demonstrate, as well, the tuberculocidal properties of KM on H37 R v microorganisms and its in vitro effect upon streptomycin (SbI), isoniazid (INH), neomycin (NM), seromycin (SERO), streptovaricin (SOV), viomycin (VM), and para-aminosalicylic acid (PAS) -resistant H37 Rv tubercle bacilli, and upon a photochromogenic strain of Mycobacterium. In this study we also demonstrate the emergence of KM-resistant strains in vitro and the influence of the drug, when used alone and in combination with INH or SM, upon an infection induced intracardially in guinea pigs with H37 Rv tubercle bacilli.
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