Potential Use Of Mitochondria As A Reservoir For Photosensitive Lipophilic Cations

Fluorescent lipophilic cations such as rhodamine 123 have been used to localize mitochondria in living cells. The specific uptake is resulted from the uniquely high membrane potential across mitochondria. Although mitochondria in all cells take up rhodamine 123, the degrees of uptake and retention vary from one cell type to the other. Many carcinoma cell types/lines have a higher uptake and longer retention of rhodamine 123 than that of normal epithelial cells, probably resulted from higher mitochondrial and plasma membrane potentials. This phenotype has been exploited for selective killing of carcinoma cells in vitro as well as in vivo. Mitochondria may be used as a reservoir and a slow-releasing device for photosensitive, lipophilic, cationic drugs.

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