Intravenous Administration of Chicken Immunoglobulin Has a Curative Effect in Experimental Infection of Canine Parvovirus

Chicken immunoglobulin Y (IgY) may provide a new modality in the therapy of various infectious fatal animal and human diseases. This study presents evidence of its efficacy for canine parvovirus (CPV), which is a highly infectious, fatal viral disease in dogs. Hens were injected with formaldehyde-inactivated, tissue culture-derived, field isolates to produce IgY. Additional doses were administered 2 and 4 weeks following the first injection. IgY purified from the collected sera contained two proteins with molecular weights of 68 and 24 kDa. In feline kidney tissue culture, the 50% protective dose (PD ) was found to be 10 . The effectiveness 50 8 of intravenous (IV) IgY immunotherapy was tested in dogs after oral challenge with a highly pathogenic CPV isolate. The recovery rates for the dogs treated with 1,000 and 10,000 PD were 25% and 100%, respectively. 50 The higher dose was more effective in generating a protective antibody titer and in suppressing infective virus excretion in stool. We conclude that yolk-derived chicken immunoglobulin can be administered intravenously in dogs and is effective for the treatment of a severe clinical course of experimental CPV-2 infection.

[1]  C. Parrish,et al.  Parvoviruses of Carnivores , 2014 .

[2]  C. Narrod,et al.  A One Health Framework for Estimating the Economic Costs of Zoonotic Diseases on Society , 2012, EcoHealth.

[3]  J. Michaud,et al.  Health diplomacy and the enduring relevance of foreign policy interests. , 2010, PLoS medicine.

[4]  F. Meslin,et al.  Human rabies prevention , 2006, Developments in biologicals.

[5]  M. Anderson,et al.  The human parvovirus , 2005, Archives of Virology.

[6]  V. Hemming.  Use of Intravenous Immunoglobulins for Prophylaxis or Treatment of Infectious Diseases , 2001, Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology.

[7]  M. Gassmann,et al.  General applicability of chicken egg yolk antibodies: the performance of IgY immunoglobulins raised against the hypoxia‐inducible factor 1α , 1999, FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology.

[8]  L. J. Swango,et al.  Canine parvovirus. I. Pathogenesis and vaccination , 1997 .

[9]  U Hübscher,et al.  Efficient production of chicken egg yolk antibodies against a conserved mammalian protein , 1990, FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology.

[10]  N. Mitchison.  Passive Immunity , 1971 .

[11]  Alexis L. Romanoff,et al.  The avian egg , 1949 .