The MSC experience: developing an operational certification standard and a market incentive to improve fishery sustainability

TheMarine Stewardship Council (MSC) standard for sustainable fisheries is represented by three high-level principles and a set of 31 indicators and scoring guidelines, known as the “default assessment tree”. Over the 14 years, since it was developed in 1999, theMSC has faced the challenge ofmaintaining its standard at the level of global best practice, keeping upwith developments in the science andmanagement of fisheries, andmaking sure that certified fisheriesmaintain their performance at that standard, or raise it where they fall below it. TheMSC has had to regularly and widely engage with multiple stakeholders to ensure that its policy development is consistent with stakeholder expectations. Although many fisheries have made significant improvements to their performance, sometimes performance has declined, leading to further requirements for improvement. The MSC needed to design a program that balances credibility, accessibility, and improvement to move the world’s fisheries towards sustainability.

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