Marine magnetic anomalies and their bearing on polar wandering and continental drift

At the beginning of this quadrennial period the significance of marine magnetic anomalies was just becoming appreciated. Evidence was presented to show that anomalies close to and paralleling the mid-ocean ridge crest reflected a combination of axial accretion (sea-floor spreading) and geomagnetic reversals over the last few million years. The anomalies result from the alternating polarity of thermoremanent magnetization of basalts injected into and onto the oceanic crust at the axis of the mid-oceanic ridge. The primary thrust of marine magnetics, if not all marine geophysics, has developed from this principle during recent years. Excellent reviews of these subjects are found in books edited by Hart [1969] and Maxwell [1971]. Topics of polar wandering and continental drift not related to marine magnetic anomalies are not considered in the present summary.

[1]  M. Talwani,et al.  Reykjanes ridge crest: A detailed geophysical study , 1971 .

[2]  P. Rona,et al.  Magnetic anomalies in the northeast Atlantic between the Canary and Cape Verde Islands , 1970 .

[3]  J. Milsom.  Woodlark Basin, A minor center of sea‐Floor spreading in Melanesia , 1970 .

[4]  B. Luyendyk,et al.  Central North Atlantic Plate Motions over the Last 40 Million Years , 1970, Science.

[5]  D. Rea,et al.  Abyssal Hills and Sea-Floor Spreading in the Central North Pacific , 1970 .

[6]  F. S. Birch.  The Barracuda Fault Zone in the western North Atlantic: geological and geophysical studies , 1970 .

[7]  P. Vogt,et al.  Magnetic and gravity profiles across the Alpha Cordillera and their relation to Arctic sea‐floor spreading , 1970 .

[8]  H. S. Fleming,et al.  The Gibbs Fracture Zone: A double fracture zone at 52°30′N in the Atlantic Ocean , 1970 .

[9]  P. Grim.  Connection of the Panama fracture zone with the Galapagos rift zone, eastern tropical Pacific , 1970 .

[10]  T. H. Andel,et al.  Tectonics of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, 6–8° South latitude , 1970 .

[11]  B. Luyendyk.  Origin and History of Abyssal Hills in the Northeast Pacific Ocean , 1970 .

[12]  E. D. Schneider,et al.  North Atlantic magnetic smooth zones , 1970 .

[13]  K. Prada,et al.  Origin and structure of the New England seamount chain , 1970 .

[14]  A. E. Maxwell,et al.  Deep sea drilling in the South atlantic. , 1970, Science.

[15]  H. W. Menard,et al.  Pattern of Relative Motion from Fracture Zone and Spreading Rate Data in the North-eastern Pacific , 1970, Nature.

[16]  T. H. Andel,et al.  Magnetic Anomalies and Seafloor Spreading Rates in the Northern South Atlantic , 1970, Nature.

[17]  C. Harrison,et al.  Magnetization of Pacific Seamounts: A preliminary polar curve for the northeastern Pacific , 1970 .

[18]  M. A. Mayhew,et al.  Marine geophysical measurements on the continental margins of the Labrador Sea , 1970 .

[19]  D. Rea.  Changes in structure and trend of fracture zones north of the Hawaiian Ridge and relation to sea‐floor spreading , 1970 .

[20]  J. Heirtzler,et al.  Sub-bottom Study of Long Island Sound , 1970 .

[21]  N. Watkins,et al.  North Atlantic Crustal Genesis in the Vicinity of the Azores , 1970 .

[22]  G. Johnson,et al.  Magnetic and bathymetrie data bearing on sea‐floor spreading north of Iceland , 1970 .

[23]  H. W. Menard,et al.  Magnetic lineations in the Northeast Pacific , 1970 .

[24]  R. Larson,et al.  Relative velocities of the Pacific, North America and Cocos plates in the middle America region , 1970 .

[25]  H. W. Menard,et al.  History of Sea-Floor Spreading West of Baja California , 1970 .

[26]  D. Karig.  Ridges and Basins of the Tonga‐Kermadec Island Arc System , 1970 .

[27]  B. Luyendyk,et al.  Detailed geophysical studies on the northern Hawaiian Arch using a deeply towed instrument package , 1969 .

[28]  P. Taylor,et al.  Airborne Magnetic Data across the Tasman Sea , 1969, Nature.

[29]  O. E. Avery,et al.  Discontinuities in sea-floor spreading , 1969 .

[30]  Peter K. Vogt.  Can Demagnetization explain Seamount Drift? , 1969, Nature.

[31]  G. Peter,et al.  Geophysical Reconnaissance in the Gulf of Tadjura , 1969 .

[32]  R. Huene,et al.  The Structure and Tectonic History of the Eastern Aleutian Trench , 1969 .

[33]  B. Luyendyk.  Origin of short-wavelength magnetic lineations observed near the ocean bottom , 1969 .

[34]  D. Gough,et al.  Magnetic Anomalies and Tectonics of the Cayman Trough , 1969 .

[35]  H. W. Menard.  Elevation and subsidence of oceanic crust , 1969 .

[36]  P. Grim,et al.  Profiles of Magnetic Anomalies South of the Aleutian Island Arc , 1969 .

[37]  V. T. Bowen,et al.  Mid-Atlantic Ridge near 43°N latitude , 1969 .

[38]  H. W. Menard,et al.  Origin of Fracture Zone Topography , 1969, Nature.

[39]  W. J. Morgan,et al.  Magnetic Anomalies and Sea Floor Spreading on the Chile Rise , 1969, Nature.

[40]  P. Grim,et al.  Fracture zones and magnetic anomalies south of the Aleutian Trench , 1969 .

[41]  G. Peter,et al.  Magnetic structure of the Juan de Fuca‐Gorda Ridge Area , 1969 .

[42]  F. Spiess,et al.  East Pacific Rise Crest: A Near-Bottom Geophysical Profile , 1969, Science.

[43]  Dennis E. Hayes,et al.  Sea‐floor spreading in the Gulf of Alaska , 1968 .

[44]  B. A. Mcgregor.  Features at the Sohm Abyssal Plain terminus , 1968 .

[45]  P. Taylor,et al.  GEOLOGIC IMPLICATIONS OF AEROMAGNETIC DATA FOR THE EASTERN CONTINENTAL MARGIN OF THE UNITED STATES , 1968 .

[46]  B. Luyendyk,et al.  Lineations of magnetic anomalies in the northeast Pacafic observed near the ocean floor , 1968 .

[47]  B. H. Erickson,et al.  Murray Fracture Zone: Westward Extension , 1968, Science.

[48]  H. W. Menard,et al.  Gulf of California: A Result of Ocean-Floor Spreading and Transform Faulting , 1968, Science.

[49]  R. Smith,et al.  Iron-Manganese Nodules from Nares Abyssal Plain: Geochemistry and Mineralogy , 1968, Science.

[50]  C. Bowin.  Geophysical study of the Cayman Trough , 1968 .

[51]  H. W. Menard,et al.  Changes in Direction of Sea Floor Spreading , 1968, Nature.

[52]  D. Hayes,et al.  Magnetic anomalies and their relation to the Aleutian Island Arc , 1968 .

[53]  O. E. Avery,et al.  An aeromagnetic survey of the Norwegian Sea , 1968 .

[54]  Arthur D. Raff.  Sea-floor spreading—Another rift , 1968 .

[55]  Xavier Le Pichon,et al.  Sea‐floor spreading and continental drift , 1968 .

[56]  P. Taylor.  Interpretation of the North Arabian Sea aeromagnetic survey , 1968 .

[57]  W. C. Pitman,et al.  Magnetic anomalies in the Pacific and sea floor spreading , 1968 .

[58]  W. J. Morgan,et al.  Rises, trenches, great faults, and crustal blocks , 1968 .

[59]  X. Pichon,et al.  Magnetic Anomalies in the Indian Ocean and Sea-Floor Spreading Continents , 1968 .

[60]  W. C. Pitman,et al.  Magnetic anomalies in the South Atlantic and ocean floor spreading , 1968 .

[61]  X. Pichon,et al.  Marine Magnetic Anomalies, Geomagnetic Field Reversals, and Motions of the Ocean Floor and , 1968 .

[62]  T. H. Andel,et al.  Mid‐Atlantic Ridge between 22° and 23° north latitude and the tectonics of mid‐ocean rises , 1968 .

[63]  G. Johnson,et al.  Morphology and evolution of the Norwegian-Greenland Sea , 1967 .

[64]  V. Vacquier,et al.  Palaeomagnetism of Nine Seamounts in the Western Pacific and of Three Volcanoes in Japan. , 1967 .

[65]  V. Vacquier,et al.  Results of Geomagnetic Survey during the Cruise of R/V Argo in Western Pacific 1966 and the Compilation of Magnetic Charts of the Same Area , 1967 .

[66]  E. M. Herron,et al.  Sea-Floor Spreading near the Galapagos , 1967, Science.

[67]  J. Phillips.  Magnetic Anomalies over the Mid-Atlantic Ridge near 27�N , 1967, Science.

[68]  H. W. Menard,et al.  Abyssal hills, magnetic anomalies and the east pacific rise , 1967 .

[69]  V. Vacquier,et al.  Calculation of the magnetization of uplifts from combining topographic and magnetic surveys , 1967 .

[70]  D. Hayes,et al.  Magnetic Boundaries in the North Atlantic Ocean , 1967, Science.

[71]  W. C. Pitman,et al.  Magnetic Lineations in the North Pacific , 1970 .

[72]  J. Phillips.  A discussion on the structure and evolution of the Red Sea and the nature of the Red Sea, Gulf of Aden and Ethiopia rift junction - Magnetic anomalies in the Red Sea , 1970, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences.

[73]  S. T. Knott,et al.  Continental Rise off Eastern North America , 1970 .

[74]  W. H. Lucas,et al.  Emperor Fracture Zone: a Newly Discovered Feature in the Central North Pacific , 1970, Nature.

[75]  T. H. Andel.  Recent uplift of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge south of the Vema fracture zone , 1969 .

[76]  Pembroke J. Hart,et al.  The Earth's Crust and Upper Mantle , 1969 .

[77]  D. Hayes,et al.  A geophysical study of the Chile Ridge , 1969 .

[78]  J. Woodside,et al.  Magnetic and Gravity Anomalies in the Central Red Sea , 1969 .

[79]  N. Ostenso.  Geopshysical Studies in the Greenland Sea , 1968 .

[80]  T. H. Andel,et al.  Rifting origin for the vema fracture in the North Atlantic , 1968 .

[81]  P. Vogt,et al.  An aeromagnetic survey of the eastern mediterranean sea and its interpretation , 1968 .