CD154 (CD40L): A novel aid to document nonimmediate hypersensitivity to amoxicillin or amoxicillin clavulanic acid

Diagnosis of non-immediate drug hypersensitivity reactions (NIDHRs) to β-lactams starts with a history and revision of the patient's records complemented with intradermal tests (IDT) with delayed readings and/or patch tests. However, history is not always straightforward and skin test responses do not always predict the clinical outcome of subsequent exposure. Consequently, some patients might require controlled drug challenges (DC) to have their diagnosis established. Unfortunately, DCs can elicit severe reactions and are contraindicated in patients who experienced potentially life-threatening SCARs. In such patients, a reliable and safe in vitro substitute would be more than welcome.

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