2A2-O05 Tracking of Ascidian Spermatozoa using High-speed Visual Feedback

We propose a novel automatic tracking system capable of tracking fast-moving, small objects under extreme conditions by using high-speed visual feedback for assessing sperm chemotaxis. The system shows remarkable performance and versatility, good enough for practical use in biology. Experimental results showed that we successfully achieved continuous stable tracking of swimming ascidian spermatozoa with quality sufficient for assessing sperm motility, indicating the feasibility of our system to tracking almost any type of cell.

[1]  H. Berg How to track bacteria. , 1971, The Review of scientific instruments.

[2]  Manabu Yoshida,et al.  A chemoattractant for ascidian spermatozoa is a sulfated steroid , 2002, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[3]  Masatoshi Ishikawa,et al.  Target tracking algorithm for 1 ms visual feedback system using massively parallel processing , 1996, Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation.

[4]  Masatoshi Ishikawa,et al.  Microrobotic visual control of motile cells using high-speed tracking system , 2005, IEEE Transactions on Robotics.

[5]  Masatoshi Ishikawa,et al.  High-speed autofocusing of a cell using diffraction patterns , 2006 .

[6]  Manabu Yoshida,et al.  Store-operated calcium channel regulates the chemotactic behavior of ascidian sperm , 2002, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[7]  W. Richard Stevens,et al.  UNIX network programming, volume 2 (2nd ed.): interprocess communications , 1998 .

[8]  Koichi Hashimoto,et al.  Two-dimensional tracking of a motile micro-organism allowing high-resolution observation with various imaging techniques , 2005 .

[9]  Kogiku Shiba,et al.  Na+/Ca2+ exchanger modulates the flagellar wave pattern for the regulation of motility activation and chemotaxis in the ascidian spermatozoa. , 2006, Cell motility and the cytoskeleton.

[10]  Masatoshi Ishikawa,et al.  A physical model for galvanotaxis of Paramecium cell. , 2006, Journal of theoretical biology.

[11]  C. Luchini,et al.  [High speed]. , 1969, Revista De La Escuela De Odontologia, Universidad Nacional De Tucuman, Facultad De Medicina.

[12]  T. Kurashina,et al.  A high-speed, profile data acquiring image sensor , 2005, ISSCC. 2005 IEEE International Digest of Technical Papers. Solid-State Circuits Conference, 2005..

[13]  Tomonobu Goto,et al.  Difference in bacterial motion between forward and backward swimming caused by the wall effect. , 2005, Biophysical journal.

[14]  Paul A. Beardsley,et al.  Computer Vision for Interactive Computer Graphics , 1998, IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications.