Preliminary full-waveform inversion of lightning current using differential-integral loop measurement

Lightning current has abundant parameter information, including waveform, rise time, and peak value, which are the foundation of lightning protection research. However, the measured data are usually affected by multi-shunt and multi-reflection; hence, they cannot be utilized directly in lightning protection. Therefore, establishing an inversion method to obtain the original lightning current waveform at the lightning strike point through the use of measured data is necessary. In this paper, the lightning current monitoring system based on differential-integral loop is briefly explained first. Second, to explore the inversion method, the simulation model introduced by Electromagnetic Transients Program-Alternative Transients Program software, including the corona model, is established. Third, the full-waveform inversion method, including its waveform inversion and peak value inversion parts, is presented. Finally, the inversion method is applied to invert two simulated lightning current examples to test the method's effectiveness. Comparison results show that this preliminary full-waveform inversion of lightning current is feasible.