Hydrogen: A Fuel Option to Future Transportation as a Part of Smart Grid

Fossil based liquid fuels, primarily used in transportation systems, are likely to be replaced with renewable resources thanks to energy transition policies. However, shifting from stable energy production using coal, natural gas to highly volatile renewable production will bring a number of problems as well. On the other side, tremendous developments in solar and wind power technologies encourage energy investors to maximize their contributions over the electricity grid. This highly volatile energy resources bring a strong research question to the attention: How to benefit from excess energy? Power-to-gas seems to be a strong candidate to store excess energy. Besides, power-to-hydrogen is seen as a liquid fuel for fuel cell vehicles. This work aims to analyze hydrogen as a future fuel option. Additionally, the role of energy markets, on-site production, renewable penetrations, investment and optimization problems will be also covered under this research. This research will reveal the feasibility of hydrogen as a fuel option in future smart grid.