Human Dmc1 protein binds DNA as an octameric ring.

The bacterial RecA protein has been the most intensively studied enzyme in homologous genetic recombination. The core of RecA is structurally homologous to that of the F1-ATPase and helicases. Like the F1-ATPase and ring helicases, RecA forms a hexameric ring. The human Dmc1 (hDmc1) protein, a meiosis-specific recombinase, is homologous to RecA. We show that hDmc1 forms octameric rings. Unlike RecA and Rad51, however, hDmc1 protein does not form helical filaments. The hDmc1 ring binds DNA in the central channel, as do the ring helicases, which is likely to represent the active form of the protein. These observations indicate that the conservation of the RecA-like ring structure extends from bacteria to humans, and that some RecA homologs may form both rings and filaments, whereas others may function only as rings.

[1]  M. Botchan,et al.  Biochemical and Electron Microscopic Image Analysis of the Hexameric E1 Helicase* , 1999, The Journal of Biological Chemistry.

[2]  M. Jezewska,et al.  Does Single-stranded DNA Pass through the Inner Channel of the Protein Hexamer in the Complex with the Escherichia coli DnaB Helicase? , 1998, The Journal of Biological Chemistry.

[3]  M. Handel,et al.  Meiotic prophase arrest with failure of chromosome synapsis in mice deficient for Dmc1, a germline-specific RecA homolog. , 1998, Molecular cell.

[4]  C. Bergounioux,et al.  Isolation and characterisation of the RAD51 and DMC1 homologs from Arabidopsis thaliana , 1998, Molecular and General Genetics MGG.

[5]  R. Gupta,et al.  Recombination activities of HsDmc1 protein, the meiotic human homolog of RecA protein. , 1997, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[6]  Gabriel Waksman,et al.  Major Domain Swiveling Revealed by the Crystal Structures of Complexes of E. coli Rep Helicase Bound to Single-Stranded DNA and ADP , 1997, Cell.

[7]  P. Baumann,et al.  Purification of human Rad51 protein by selective spermidine precipitation. , 1997, Mutation research.

[8]  S. Yokoyama,et al.  An extended DNA structure through deoxyribose-base stacking induced by RecA protein. , 1997, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[9]  Edward H. Egelman,et al.  The RecA hexamer is a structural homologue of ring helicases , 1997, Nature Structural Biology.

[10]  J. Palmer,et al.  Isolation and characterization of rad51 orthologs from Coprinus cinereus and Lycopersicon esculentum, and phylogenetic analysis of eukaryotic recA homologs , 1997, Current Genetics.

[11]  R. Gupta,et al.  Activities of human recombination protein Rad51. , 1997, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[12]  L. Bird,et al.  Crystal structure of a DExx box DNA helicase , 1996, Nature.

[13]  P. Baumann,et al.  Human Rad51 Protein Promotes ATP-Dependent Homologous Pairing and Strand Transfer Reactions In Vitro , 1996, Cell.

[14]  E. Egelman,et al.  DNA is bound within the central hole to one or two of the six subunits of the T7 DNA helicase , 1996, Nature Structural Biology.

[15]  J. Frank,et al.  A common-lines based method for determining orientations for N > 3 particle projections simultaneously. , 1996, Ultramicroscopy.

[16]  K. Nakao,et al.  Targeted disruption of the Rad51 gene leads to lethality in embryonic mice. , 1996, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[17]  Edward H. Egelman,et al.  The hexameric E. coli DnaB helicase can exist in different Quaternary states. , 1996, Journal of molecular biology.

[18]  A Leith,et al.  SPIDER and WEB: processing and visualization of images in 3D electron microscopy and related fields. , 1996, Journal of structural biology.

[19]  E. Egelman,et al.  Bacteriophage T7 helicase/primase proteins form rings around single-stranded DNA that suggest a general structure for hexameric helicases. , 1995, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[20]  A. Stasiak,et al.  Purification and characterization of the human Rad51 protein, an analogue of E. coli RecA. , 1994, The EMBO journal.

[21]  P. Sung Catalysis of ATP-dependent homologous DNA pairing and strand exchange by yeast RAD51 protein. , 1994, Science.

[22]  Jan Pieter Abrahams,et al.  Structure at 2.8 Â resolution of F1-ATPase from bovine heart mitochondria , 1994, Nature.

[23]  S. West,et al.  The Escherichia coli RuvB branch migration protein forms double hexameric rings around DNA. , 1994, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[24]  S. W. Matson,et al.  DNA helicases: Enzymes with essential roles in all aspects of DNA metabolism , 1994, BioEssays : news and reviews in molecular, cellular and developmental biology.

[25]  E. Egelman,et al.  DNA conformation induced by the bacteriophage T4 UvsX protein appears identical to the conformation induced by the Escherichia coli RecA protein. , 1993, Journal of molecular biology.

[26]  M. Hingorani,et al.  Oligomeric structure of bacteriophage T7 DNA primase/helicase proteins. , 1993, The Journal of biological chemistry.

[27]  T. Steitz,et al.  Structural relationship of bacterial RecA proteins to recombination proteins from bacteriophage T4 and yeast. , 1993, Science.

[28]  E. Egelman,et al.  Similarity of the yeast RAD51 filament to the bacterial RecA filament. , 1993, Science.

[29]  E. Egelman,et al.  Electron microscopy of RecA-DNA complexes: Two different states, their functional significance and relation to the solved crystal structure , 1993 .

[30]  F. Dean,et al.  The simian virus 40 T antigen double hexamer assembles around the DNA at the replication origin. , 1992, The Journal of biological chemistry.

[31]  N. Kleckner,et al.  DMC1: A meiosis-specific yeast homolog of E. coli recA required for recombination, synaptonemal complex formation, and cell cycle progression , 1992, Cell.

[32]  A. Shinohara,et al.  Rad51 protein involved in repair and recombination in S. cerevisiae is a RecA-like protein , 1992, Cell.

[33]  J Frank,et al.  Three-dimensional reconstruction of single particles embedded in ice. , 1992, Ultramicroscopy.

[34]  S. West Enzymes and molecular mechanisms of genetic recombination. , 1992, Annual review of biochemistry.

[35]  P. V. von Hippel,et al.  Structure and assembly of the Escherichia coli transcription termination factor rho and its interaction with RNA. I. Cryoelectron microscopic studies. , 1991, Journal of molecular biology.

[36]  W. Kabsch,et al.  Similarity of the three-dimensional structures of actin and the ATPase fragment of a 70-kDa heat shock cognate protein. , 1991, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[37]  C. Radding Helical interactions in homologous pairing and strand exchange driven by RecA protein. , 1991, The Journal of biological chemistry.

[38]  P. Hough,et al.  ATP-dependent assembly of double hexamers of SV40 T antigen at the viral origin of DNA replication , 1989, Nature.

[39]  A. Stasiak,et al.  Elongation of duplex DNA by recA protein. , 1981, Journal of molecular biology.

[40]  J. Hurwitz,et al.  The dnaB gene product of Escherichia coli. I. Purification, homogeneity, and physical properties. , 1978, The Journal of biological chemistry.