Gradient pattern coding--an application to the measurement of pneumoconiosis in chest x rays.

Abstract A method of coding the patterns formed by the directions of the grey level gradient vector in neighbouring cells is described. The number of possible patterns is large but by considering as identical those patterns which are rotationally or reflectionally isomorphic, the possibilities are reduced. It is shown that the frequency distribution of patterns in the lung fields of chest X rays is closely related to the severity of pneumoconiosis as assessed by radiologists. Specific gradient patterns which correlate best with the radiological assessment on a set of training films are identified and used to make an automatic classification of a larger test set of films.

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