MPC based AGC for AC/DC grids with delays and voltage constraints

Multi-terminal HVDC (MTDC) grids have been cited as a means of efficiently sharing renewables over wide areas, such as the European grid. As these grids proliferate it is of interest to include these grids in frequency regulation. Here Model Predictive Control is presented as a means of using MTDC grids to aid in Automatic Generation Control (AGC) while considering delays and regulating DC voltages within bounds.