Water Nonintrusive Load Monitoring

Resource conservation decisions require detailed consumption information. This paper presents sensors and signal processing techniques that use pipe vibration signatures to non-intrusively identify water consumption at the appliance level. The method requires as little as one easily installed vibration sensor. This method provides a no-fuss retrofit solution for detecting the operation of a building's water consuming appliances. In addition, flow rate is nonintrusively obtained from a conventional water meter via a new, high sensitivity strap-on magnetic sensor. Together, these two sensors track load operating schedule and water consumption in a building, demonstrated here at three different field test sites.

[1]  Peter W. Mayer,et al.  Flow trace analysis to access water use , 1996 .

[2]  Trevor Hastie,et al.  High-Dimensional Problems: p N , 2009 .

[3]  de Caf Christ Jong,et al.  Analysis of pulsations and vibrations in fluid-filled pipe systems , 1994 .

[4]  Willett Kempton,et al.  Residential hot water energy analysis: Instruments and algorithms , 1985 .

[5]  Steven B. Leeb,et al.  Energy Accountability Using Nonintrusive Load Monitoring , 2014, IEEE Sensors Journal.

[6]  Enrique Cabrera,et al.  Integrated Water Meter Management , 2010 .

[7]  Ahmad Faruqui,et al.  The impact of informational feedback on energy consumption d A survey of the experimental evidence , 2010 .

[8]  H. Ohno,et al.  Tunnel magnetoresistance of 604% at 300K by suppression of Ta diffusion in CoFeB∕MgO∕CoFeB pseudo-spin-valves annealed at high temperature , 2008 .

[9]  Boualem Boashash,et al.  Estimating and interpreting the instantaneous frequency of a signal. I. Fundamentals , 1992, Proc. IEEE.

[10]  P. Stern.  Information, Incentives, and Proenvironmental Consumer Behavior , 1999 .

[11]  F. Fahy,et al.  Mechanics of flow-induced sound and vibration , 1989 .

[12]  M. P. Norton,et al.  Fundamentals of Noise and Vibration Analysis for Engineers, 2nd Edition , 2007 .

[13]  A. Tijsseling,et al.  Fluid transients and fluid-structure interaction in flexible liquid-filled piping , 2001 .

[14]  Boualem Boashash,et al.  Estimating and interpreting the instantaneous frequency of a signal. II. A/lgorithms and applications , 1992, Proc. IEEE.

[15]  S. Hambric,et al.  Comparison of semi-empirical models for turbulent boundary layer wall pressure spectra , 2009 .

[16]  James Fogarty,et al.  Sensing from the basement: a feasibility study of unobtrusive and low-cost home activity recognition , 2006, UIST.

[17]  Rodney Anthony Stewart,et al.  Analysis of simultaneous water end use events using a hybrid combination of filtering and pattern recognition techniques , 2012 .

[18]  D. C. Hodgson,et al.  Book Review : Fundamentals of Noise and Vibration Analysis for Engineers: M.P. Norton Cambridge University Press Cambridge, UK 1989, 619 pp, $95 (hard cover) $37.50 (paperback) , 1990 .

[19]  Christopher James Schantz.  Methods for non-intrusive sensing and system monitoring , 2014 .

[20]  Steven B. Leeb,et al.  WaterWOLF: Water Watch On Load Flow , 2014 .

[21]  Steven B. Leeb,et al.  Nonintrusive Load Monitoring and Diagnostics in Power Systems , 2008, IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement.

[22]  A. McMakin,et al.  Motivating Residents to Conserve Energy without Financial Incentives , 2002 .

[23]  J. L. Harrison,et al.  Electric water heating for single-family residences: group load research and analysis. Final report , 1985 .

[24]  Mani B. Srivastava,et al.  NAWMS: nonintrusive autonomous water monitoring system , 2008, SenSys '08.

[25]  Les E. Atlas,et al.  Disaggregated water sensing from a single, pressure-based sensor: An extended analysis of HydroSense using staged experiments , 2012, Pervasive Mob. Comput..

[26]  Steven Kay,et al.  A Fast and Accurate Single Frequency Estimator , 2022 .

[27]  J. Lenz,et al.  Magnetic sensors and their applications , 2006, IEEE Sensors Journal.

[28]  P. Ester.  Consumer Behavior and Energy Conservation: A Policy-Oriented Experimental Field Study on the Effectiveness of Behavioral Interventions Promoting Residential Energy Conservation , 2012 .