Zearalenone can relieve dextran sulfate sodium‐induced inflammatory reaction

In this study, we investigated the influence of zearalenone (ZEA) on the dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)‐induced colitis model both in vitro and in vivo. Our results show that the mRNA levels of IL‐1β, IL‐18, NLRP3, ASC, and caspase‐1 in the DSS+ZEA‐treated group are lower than those in either the DSS or ZEA group, and the protein expression trends are similar. Furthermore, colitis, which is characterized by body weight loss, stool consistency, and the presence of bloody feces, was significantly alleviated in the DSS+ZEA group when compared with that in the DSS group. In addition, histological analysis showed that inflammatory cell infiltration and tissue damage of the colon in the DSS+ZEA group were recovered compared with that in the DSS‐treated group. These results suggest that, instead of aggravating DSS‐induced colitis, ZEA relieves the inflammatory reaction in colon tissue, which may be related to its estrogenic activity.

[1]  V. Théodorou,et al.  Impact of mycotoxins on the intestine: are mucus and microbiota new targets? , 2017, Journal of toxicology and environmental health. Part B, Critical reviews.

[2]  Tongtong Shen,et al.  Zearalenone induces ROS‐mediated mitochondrial damage in porcine IPEC‐J2 cells , 2017, Journal of biochemical and molecular toxicology.

[3]  N. Zmora,et al.  Inflammasomes and intestinal inflammation , 2017, Mucosal Immunology.

[4]  W. Shumin,et al.  Effects of Ergosterol on COPD in Mice via JAK3/STAT3/NF-κB Pathway , 2017, Inflammation.

[5]  B. Kim,et al.  Effects of dietary deoxynivalenol and zearalenone on apparent ileal digestibility of amino acids in growing pigs , 2016 .

[6]  H. Bramlett,et al.  Estrogen receptor beta signaling alters cellular inflammasomes activity after global cerebral ischemia in reproductively senescence female rats , 2016, Journal of neurochemistry.

[7]  A. Shan,et al.  Toxic Effects of Maternal Zearalenone Exposure on Intestinal Oxidative Stress, Barrier Function, Immunological and Morphological Changes in Rats , 2014, PloS one.

[8]  Vishva M. Dixit,et al.  Mechanisms and Functions of Inflammasomes , 2014, Cell.

[9]  I. Oswald,et al.  Effect of Deoxynivalenol and Other Type B Trichothecenes on the Intestine: A Review , 2014, Toxins.

[10]  Katherine A. Fitzgerald,et al.  Unified Polymerization Mechanism for the Assembly of ASC-Dependent Inflammasomes , 2014, Cell.

[11]  H. Herfarth,et al.  NLRP12 suppresses colon inflammation and tumorigenesis through the negative regulation of noncanonical NF-κB signaling. , 2012, Immunity.

[12]  P. Wise,et al.  Production of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines during neuroinflammation: novel roles for estrogen receptors alpha and beta. , 2010, Endocrinology.

[13]  J. Tschopp,et al.  Colitis induced in mice with dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) is mediated by the NLRP3 inflammasome , 2010, Gut.

[14]  S. Bräse,et al.  Chemistry and biology of mycotoxins and related fungal metabolites. , 2009, Chemical reviews.

[15]  F. Martinon,et al.  The inflammasomes: guardians of the body. , 2009, Annual review of immunology.

[16]  P. Guerre,et al.  Molds and mycotoxin content of cereals in southeastern Romania. , 2009, Journal of food protection.

[17]  L. Santambrogio,et al.  Anthrax Lethal Toxin Triggers the Formation of a Membrane-Associated Inflammasome Complex in Murine Macrophages , 2009, Infection and Immunity.

[18]  J. Fink-Gremmels,et al.  Clinical effects and biochemical mechanisms associated with exposure to the mycoestrogen zearalenone , 2007 .

[19]  V. Dixit,et al.  Differential activation of the inflammasome by caspase-1 adaptors ASC and Ipaf , 2004, Nature.

[20]  Y. Ishiguro Mucosal proinflammatory cytokine production correlates with endoscopic activity of ulcerative colitis , 1999, Journal of Gastroenterology.

[21]  T. Ohkusa,et al.  A novel method in the induction of reliable experimental acute and chronic ulcerative colitis in mice , 1990 .

[22]  Jiyong Zhou,et al.  Zearalenone (ZEA)-induced intestinal inflammation is mediated by the NLRP3 inflammasome. , 2018, Chemosphere.

[23]  Mathieu Lemire,et al.  Common variants in the NLRP3 region contribute to Crohn's disease susceptibility , 2009, Nature Genetics.