Need for an anterior point of reference in face bow transfer: The changing viewpoint. Changing concepts regarding anterior reference point*

It has been accepted for the past many decades that an anatomically related anterior reference point is required during a face-bow transfer to preclude functional and esthetic errors in the finished dental restoration. Various anterior reference points have been researched in an effort to achieve greater accuracy. There is at least one documented viewpoint that reference planes are not required for a correct mounting of stone casts. This paper explores the evolution of the concept of the anterior reference point and arrives at conclusions regarding the perceived need for an anterior reference point, the rationale behind the different anterior reference points and evidence supporting the need for one.