Light element signatures of sterile neutrinos and cosmological lepton numbers

Author(s): Smith, CJ; Fuller, GM; Kishimoto, CT; Abazajian, KN | Abstract: We study primordial nucleosynthesis abundance yields for assumed ranges of cosmological lepton numbers, sterile neutrino mass-squared differences and active-sterile vacuum mixing angles. We fix the baryon-to-photon ratio at the value derived from the cosmic microwave background (CMB) data and then calculate the deviation of the H2, He4, and Li7 abundance yields from those expected in the zero-lepton number(s), no-new-neutrino-physics case. We conclude that high precision (l5% error) measurements of the primordial H2 abundance from, e.g., QSO absorption line observations coupled with high precision (l1% error) baryon density measurements from the CMB could have the power to either: (i) reveal or rule out the existence of a light sterile neutrino if the sign of the cosmological lepton number is known; or (ii) place strong constraints on lepton numbers, sterile neutrino mixing properties and resonance sweep physics. Similar conclusions would hold if the primordial He4 abundance could be determined to better than 10%. © 2006 The American Physical Society.