Toxicant-induced mortality in models of Daphnia populations

A method to determine the mortality effects of a hydrophobic chemical on a population is proposed. The ecotoxicological protocol is based on individual organism response and is derived from the static theory of “survival of the fattest.” This study, focusing upon effects of mortality and the effects of toxicant stress on population succession, examines the static assessment survival of the fattest in a dynamic population model. A premise in this approach is that risk assessment should not be based solely upon chemical properties of the toxicant and that the biology of the exposed organisms is an important factor in the determination of effects.

[1]  Thomas G. Hallam,et al.  Population Dynamics in a Homogeneous Environment , 1986 .

[2]  P. Frank,et al.  Vital Statistics of Laboratory Cultures of Daphnia pulex DeGeer as Related to Density , 1957, Physiological Zoology.

[3]  Gilman D. Veith,et al.  Structure–Toxicity Relationships for the Fathead Minnow, Pimephales promelas: Narcotic Industrial Chemicals , 1983 .

[4]  Sebastiaan A.L.M. Kooijman,et al.  Effects of Toxicants on Aquatic Populations , 1989 .

[5]  J. Hermens,et al.  Quantitative structure-activity relationships and toxicity studies of mixtures of chemicals with anaesthetic potency: Acute lethal and sublethal toxicity to Daphnia magna , 1984 .

[6]  W. Murdoch,et al.  Three distinct types of dynamic behaviour shown by a single planktonic system , 1985, Nature.

[7]  H. Könemann.  Quantitative structure-activity relationships in fish toxicity studies. Part 1: relationship for 50 industrial pollutants. , 1981, Toxicology.

[8]  J. Gerritsen.  Size Efficiency Reconsidered: A General Foraging Model for Free-Swimming Aquatic Animals , 1984, The American Naturalist.

[9]  C. Goulden,et al.  Population oscillations and energy reserves in planktonic cladocera and their consequences to competition. , 1980, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[10]  G. Veith,et al.  Structure-activity relationships for screening organic chemicals for potential ecotoxicity effects. , 1984, Drug metabolism reviews.

[11]  M. Lynch,et al.  Measurement of the carbon balance in Daphnia , 1986 .

[12]  T W Schultz,et al.  Relationships of quantitative structure-activity to comparative toxicity of selected phenols in the Pimephales promelas and Tetrahymena pyriformis test systems. , 1986, Ecotoxicology and environmental safety.

[13]  William D. Taylor,et al.  Growth Model of Daphnia , 1982 .

[14]  Sebastiaan A.L.M. Kooijman,et al.  On the dynamics of chemically stressed populations: The deduction of population consequences from effects on individuals , 1984 .

[15]  R. Lassiter.  A Theoretical Basis for Modeling Element Cycling , 1986 .

[16]  T. Hallam,et al.  Survival of the fattest: Implications for acute effects of lipophilic chemicals on aquatic populations , 1990 .

[17]  A. J. Tessier,et al.  Starvation in Daphnia: Energy reserves and reproductive allocation1 , 1983 .

[18]  Ray R. Lassiter,et al.  Modeling bioconcentration of nonpolar organic pollutants by fish , 1988 .

[19]  Thomas G. Hallam,et al.  Modelling Individuals Employing an Integrated Energy Response: Application to Daphnia , 1990 .