ACCRETION ONTO THE SUPERMASSIVE BLACK HOLE IN THE HIGH-REDSHIFT RADIO-LOUD AGN 0957+561

We present the results of our X-ray, UV, and optical monitoring campaign of the first gravitationally lensed active galactic nucleus (AGN) from late 2009 to mid-2010. The trailing (B) image of the AGN 0957+561 shows the intrinsic continuum variations that were predicted in advance based on observations of the leading (A) image in the gr optical bands. This multiwavelength variability of the B image allows us to carry out a reverberation mapping analysis in the radio-loud AGN 0957+561 at redshift z = 1.41. We find that the U-band and r-band light curves are highly correlated with the g-band record, leading and trailing it by 3 ± 1 days (U band) and 4 ± 1 days (r band). These 1σ measurements are consistent with a scenario in which flares originated in the immediate vicinity of the supermassive black hole are thermally reprocessed in a standard accretion disk at ~10-20 Schwarzschild radii from the central dark object. We also report that the light curve for the X-ray emission with power-law spectrum is delayed with respect to those in the Ugr bands by ~32 days. Hence, the central driving source cannot be a standard corona emitting the observed power-law X-rays. This result is also supported by X-ray reprocessing simulations and the absence of X-ray reflection features in the spectrum of 0957+561. We plausibly interpret the lack of reflection and the 32 day delay as evidence for a power-law X-ray source in the base of the jet at a typical height of ~200 Schwarzschild radii. A central EUV source would drive the variability of 0957+561.

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