Impact of hot compressed water pretreatment on the structural changes of woody biomass for bioethanol production

As an initial step in an alternative use of woody biomass to produce bioethanol, this work was aimed at investigating the effect of hot compressed water (HCW) pretreatment within the temperature range 100 to 200 °C in a batch-type reactor on the structural changes of Tamarix ramosissima. The untreated and pretreated solid residues were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), solid-state cross polarization/magic angle spinning (CP/MAS), 13C NMR spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), as well as chemical methods. The results showed that HCW pretreatment solubilized mainly hemicelluloses and resulted in enriched cellulose and lignin content in the pretreated solids. It was found that the deposition of lignin droplets on the residual surfaces was produced during pretreatment under the hot water conditions above 140 °C. In addition, the removal of hemicelluloses and lignin re-localisation as a result of condensation reactions under the severe pretreatment condition may lead to an increase in cellulose crystallinity and thermal stability of biomass solid residues, thus consequently influencing the downstream digestibility of biomass for sugars and bioethanol production.

[1]  Hongwei Wu,et al.  Understanding the Primary Liquid Products of Cellulose Hydrolysis in Hot-Compressed Water at Various Reaction Temperatures , 2010 .

[2]  Warren Mabee,et al.  Biorefining of softwoods using ethanol organosolv pulping: preliminary evaluation of process streams for manufacture of fuel-grade ethanol and co-products. , 2005, Biotechnology and bioengineering.

[3]  Y Y Lee,et al.  Pretreatment of hybrid poplar by aqueous ammonia , 2009, Biotechnology progress.

[4]  Charles E. Wyman,et al.  The Effect of Flow Rate of Very Dilute Sulfuric Acid on Xylan, Lignin, and Total Mass Removal from Corn Stover , 2004 .

[5]  Hongwei Wu,et al.  Some Recent Advances in Hydrolysis of Biomass in Hot-Compressed Water and Its Comparisons with Other Hydrolysis Methods† , 2008 .

[6]  Sang Hyun Lee,et al.  Ionic liquid‐mediated selective extraction of lignin from wood leading to enhanced enzymatic cellulose hydrolysis , 2009, Biotechnology and bioengineering.

[7]  Richard Hendrickson,et al.  Industrial scale-up of pH-controlled liquid hot water pretreatment of corn fiber for fuel ethanol production , 2005, Applied biochemistry and biotechnology.

[8]  S. Sawayama,et al.  Combining hot-compressed water and ball milling pretreatments to improve the efficiency of the enzymatic hydrolysis of eucalyptus , 2008, Biotechnology for biofuels.

[9]  Hanne Wikberg,et al.  Characterisation of thermally modified hard- and softwoods by 13C CPMAS NMR , 2004 .

[10]  M. Paoli,et al.  Characterization of lignocellulosic curaua fibres. , 2009 .

[11]  C. Wyman,et al.  Physical and chemical characterizations of corn stover and poplar solids resulting from leading pretreatment technologies. , 2009, Bioresource technology.

[12]  Mark Holtzapple,et al.  Coordinated development of leading biomass pretreatment technologies. , 2005, Bioresource technology.

[13]  W. Mabee,et al.  Substrate pretreatment: the key to effective enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulosics? , 2007, Advances in biochemical engineering/biotechnology.

[14]  N. Mosier,et al.  Microscopic examination of changes of plant cell structure in corn stover due to hot water pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis , 2007, Biotechnology and bioengineering.

[15]  Hongwei Wu,et al.  Effect of Ball Milling on the Hydrolysis of Microcrystalline Cellulose in Hot-Compressed Water , 2011 .

[16]  Shijie Liu Woody biomass: Niche position as a source of sustainable renewable chemicals and energy and kinetics of hot-water extraction/hydrolysis. , 2010, Biotechnology advances.

[17]  Wenjie Zhu,et al.  On energy consumption for size-reduction and yields from subsequent enzymatic saccharification of pretreated lodgepole pine. , 2010, Bioresource technology.

[18]  Derek Stewart,et al.  Characterization of 25 tropical hardwoods with Fourier transform infrared, ultraviolet resonance Raman, and 13C‐NMR cross‐polarization/magic‐angle spinning spectroscopy , 2006 .

[19]  Nobusuke Kobayashi,et al.  Characteristics of Solid Residues Obtained from Hot-Compressed-Water Treatment of Woody Biomass , 2009 .

[20]  A. Heiningen,et al.  Kinetics and mechanism of autohydrolysis of hardwoods. , 2010, Bioresource technology.

[21]  Seema Singh,et al.  Visualization of biomass solubilization and cellulose regeneration during ionic liquid pretreatment of switchgrass , 2009, Biotechnology and bioengineering.

[22]  C. Popescu,et al.  Carbon-13 CP/MAS solid state NMR and X-ray diffraction spectroscopy studies on lime wood decayed by Chaetomium globosum , 2011 .

[23]  Shigeki Sawayama,et al.  Pretreatment of Rice Straw by a Hot-Compressed Water Process for Enzymatic Hydrolysis , 2010, Applied biochemistry and biotechnology.

[24]  J. Oliva,et al.  Liquid hot water pretreatment of olive tree pruning residues , 2007, Applied biochemistry and biotechnology.

[25]  Farzaneh Teymouri,et al.  Pretreatment of switchgrass by ammonia fiber explosion (AFEX) , 2005, Applied biochemistry and biotechnology.

[26]  Bin Wang,et al.  Deconstructing recalcitrant Miscanthus with alkaline peroxide and electrolyzed water. , 2010, Bioresource technology.

[27]  Amie D. Sluiter,et al.  Determination of Structural Carbohydrates and Lignin in Biomass , 2004 .

[28]  L. Segal',et al.  An Empirical Method for Estimating the Degree of Crystallinity of Native Cellulose Using the X-Ray Diffractometer , 1959 .

[29]  Claus Felby,et al.  Cell-wall structural changes in wheat straw pretreated for bioethanol production , 2008, Biotechnology for biofuels.

[30]  M. Himmel,et al.  Visualizing lignin coalescence and migration through maize cell walls following thermochemical pretreatment , 2008, Biotechnology and bioengineering.

[31]  B. Simmons,et al.  Understanding the impact of ionic liquid pretreatment on eucalyptus , 2010 .

[32]  D. T. Liang,et al.  In-Depth Investigation of Biomass Pyrolysis Based on Three Major Components: Hemicellulose, Cellulose and Lignin , 2006 .

[33]  Wei-hsin Chen,et al.  Impact of dilute acid pretreatment on the structure of bagasse for bioethanol production , 2010 .

[34]  윤정준,et al.  Enzymatic Saccharification of Lignocellulosic Biomass for Bioethanol Production , 2008 .

[35]  H. Jameel,et al.  A comparison of the autohydrolysis and ammonia fiber explosion (AFEX) pretreatments on the subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis of coastal Bermuda grass. , 2010, Bioresource technology.

[36]  Zhiguang Zhu,et al.  Comparative study of corn stover pretreated by dilute acid and cellulose solvent‐based lignocellulose fractionation: Enzymatic hydrolysis, supramolecular structure, and substrate accessibility , 2009, Biotechnology and bioengineering.

[37]  Sharon P. Shoemaker,et al.  Enzymatic hydrolysis of pretreated rice straw , 1997 .

[38]  J. Parajó,et al.  Bioethanol production from hydrothermally pretreated Eucalyptus globulus wood. , 2010, Bioresource technology.

[39]  G. Zacchi,et al.  Integration options for high energy efficiency and improved economics in a wood-to-ethanol process , 2008, Biotechnology for biofuels.

[40]  M. Himmel,et al.  Deposition of Lignin Droplets Produced During Dilute Acid Pretreatment of Maize Stems Retards Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Cellulose , 2007, Biotechnology progress.

[41]  S. Saka,et al.  Hydrolysis of Japanese beech by batch and semi-flow water under subcritical temperatures and pressures , 2010 .

[42]  B. Simmons,et al.  Comparison of dilute acid and ionic liquid pretreatment of switchgrass: Biomass recalcitrance, delignification and enzymatic saccharification. , 2010, Bioresource technology.

[43]  Ignacio Ballesteros,et al.  Effect of process variables on liquid hot water pretreatment of wheat straw for bioconversion to fuel‐ethanol in a batch reactor , 2007 .

[44]  R. Ruiz,et al.  Determination of Sugars, Byproducts, and Degradation Products in Liquid Fraction Process Samples , 2008 .