Site classification and estimation of surface level seismic hazard using geophysical data and probabilistic approach

This paper presents the site classification of Bangalore Mahanagar Palike (BMP) area using geophysical data and the evaluation of spectral acceleration at ground level using probabilistic approach. Site classification has been carried out using experimental data from the shallow geophysical method of Multichannel Analysis of Surface wave (MASW). One-dimensional (1-D) MASW survey has been carried out at 58 locations and respective velocity profiles are obtained. The average shear wave velocity for 30 m depth (Vs(30)) has been calculated and is used for the site classification of the BMP area as per NEHRP (National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program). Based on the Vs(30) values major part of the BMP area can be classified as ``site class D'', and ``site class C'. A smaller portion of the study area, in and around Lalbagh Park, is classified as ``site class B''. Further, probabilistic seismic hazard analysis has been carried out to map the seismic hazard in terms spectral acceleration (S-a) at rock and the ground level considering the site classes and six seismogenic sources identified. The mean annual rate of exceedance and cumulative probability hazard curve for S. have been generated. The quantified hazard values in terms of spectral acceleration for short period and long period are mapped for rock, site class C and D with 10% probability of exceedance in 50 years on a grid size of 0.5 km. In addition to this, the Uniform Hazard Response Spectrum (UHRS) at surface level has been developed for the 5% damping and 10% probability of exceedance in 50 years for rock, site class C and D These spectral acceleration and uniform hazard spectrums can be used to assess the design force for important structures and also to develop the design spectrum.

[1]  Jianghai Xia,et al.  Quantitative estimation of minimum offset for multichannel surface-wave survey with actively exciting source , 2006 .

[2]  S. T. Algermissen,et al.  A probabilistic estimate of maximum acceleration in rock in the contiguous United States , 1976 .

[3]  Ali Ismet Kanli,et al.  VS30 mapping and soil classification for seismic site effect evaluation in Dinar region, SW Turkey , 2006 .

[4]  T. Sitharam,et al.  Seismic Hazard Analysis for the Bangalore Region , 2007 .

[5]  Hidetoshi Miura,et al.  Optimum Field Parameters of an MASW Survey , 2002 .

[6]  S. Ward.  Geotechnical and environmental geophysics , 1990 .

[7]  M O Al-Hunaidi,et al.  DIFFICULTIES WITH PHASE SPECTRUM UNWRAPPING IN SPECTRAL ANALYSIS OF SURFACE WAVES NONDESTRUCTIVE TESTING OF PAVEMENTS , 1992 .

[8]  A. Kijko,et al.  Estimation of earthquake hazard parameters from incomplete data files. Part I. Utilization of extreme and complete catalogs with different threshold magnitudes , 1989 .

[9]  K. K. S. Thingbaijam,et al.  Earthquake hazard in Northeast India — A seismic microzonation approach with typical case studies from Sikkim Himalaya and Guwahati city , 2008 .

[10]  V. Gupta,et al.  A Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis of Northeast India , 2006 .

[11]  A. Der Kiureghian,et al.  A fault-rupture model for seismic risk analysis , 1977 .

[12]  Nenad Gucunski,et al.  Detection of Underground Obstacles by SASW Method—Numerical Aspects , 1997 .

[13]  Manak Bhavan,et al.  CRITERIA FOR EARTHQUAKE RESISTANT DESIGN OF STRUCTURES , 2002 .

[14]  William T. Holmes,et al.  The 1997 NEHRP Recommended Provisions for Seismic Regulations for New Buildings and Other Structures , 2000 .

[15]  B. Gutenberg,et al.  Frequency of Earthquakes in California , 1944, Nature.

[16]  Andrzej Kijko,et al.  Estimation of earthquake hazard parameters from incomplete data files. Part II. Incorporation of magnitude heterogeneity , 1992 .

[17]  Robin K. McGuire,et al.  FORTRAN computer program for seismic risk analysis , 1976 .

[18]  J. Baker,et al.  An Introduction to Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis (PSHA) , 2008 .

[19]  J. M. Roesset,et al.  Characterization of geotechical sites by SASW method , 1994 .

[20]  H. Kanamori.  Seismological Aspects of the December 2004 Great Sumatra-Andaman Earthquake , 2006 .

[21]  R. Iyengar,et al.  Estimation of seismic spectral acceleration in Peninsular India , 2007 .

[22]  Raymond B. Seed,et al.  New Site Coefficients and Site Classification System Used in Recent Building Seismic Code Provisions , 2000 .

[23]  Jianghai Xia,et al.  The Selection of Field Acquisition Parameters for Dispersion Images from Multichannel Surface Wave Data , 2004 .

[24]  R. N. Iyengar,et al.  Microzonation of earthquake hazard in Greater Delhi area , 2004 .

[25]  S. Jade,et al.  Estimates of plate velocity and crustal deformation in the Indian subcontinent using GPS geodesy , 2004 .

[26]  Richard D. Miller,et al.  Multichannel analysis of surface waves , 1999 .

[27]  T. Sitharam,et al.  Use of remote sensing and seismotectonic parameters for seismic hazard analysis of Bangalore , 2006 .

[28]  S. T. G. Raghu Kanth,et al.  Seismic hazard estimation for Mumbai city , 2006 .

[29]  I. Towhata.  Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering , 2008 .

[30]  Julian J. Bommer,et al.  Why Do Modern Probabilistic Seismic-Hazard Analyses Often Lead to Increased Hazard Estimates? , 2006 .

[31]  W R Hudson,et al.  USE OF SPECTRAL ANALYSIS OF SURFACE WAVES METHOD FOR DETERMINATION OF MODULI AND THICKNESSES OF PAVEMENT SYSTEMS. , 1983 .

[32]  S. Raghukanth,et al.  Attenuation of Strong Ground Motion in Peninsular India , 2004 .

[33]  Jianghai Xia,et al.  Estimation of near‐surface shear‐wave velocity by inversion of Rayleigh waves , 1999 .

[34]  Jayan S Vinod,et al.  Probabilistic seismic hazard analysis for Bangalore , 2009 .

[35]  C. Cornell.  Engineering seismic risk analysis , 1968 .

[36]  B. Rao.  Historical seismicity and deformation rates in the Indian Peninsular Shield , 2000 .